4193115
Description
Flashcards by Jade Dickey, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jade Dickey
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Protons | +1Charge 1 amu(atomic mass unit) 1 amu=1.7 * 10-24 g |
| Neutrons | 0 (neutral) charge 1amu |
| Electrons | -1 Charge Found around the nucleus in an electron cloud Virtually has no mass |
| Protons and Neutrons | The protons and neutrons are located within the nucleus. It has very little volume but almost all of the mass of the atom so it is VERY dense! |
| Charge of an Atom | In a typical atom you will have the same number of protons and electrons, what charge does this give the atom? 0 Charge, or it is neutral! |
| Can a proton leave an atom? | No If it did you would have a NEW element |
| Can an electron leave or join an atom? | Yes! This is called an Ion If the atom is missing an electron it will be a Positive Ion. If the atom gains an electron it will be a Negative Ion. |
| Can the number of neutrons change? | Yes! This is called an isotope, it will cause the MASS of the atom to change |
| Reading the Periodic Table - What's in the box? | Atomic Number- tells the number of protons in one atom of the element ~ Zr has 40 Protons ~ (therefore it also has 40 electrons) Atomic Mass (Mass Number) Tells number of protons and neutrons combined (40 + ? = 91) |
| Elements And Their Atoms | Each element has a unique atomic number The number of protons for an element’s atom is constant and unique The number of electrons will equal the number of protons UNLESS the atom is an ion |
| Elements And Their Atoms Pt. 2 | An element’s atom can have a different number of neutrons ~Since the mass of an atom depends on the protons and neutrons, the mass of an element can change ~ To find neutrons, subtract the atomic # from the atomic mass |
| Forces in the atoms - Gravitational Force | Attractive force between all objects in the universe ~ Gravity depends upon mass of and distance between objects... ~ This force is not very strong in the atom |
| Electromagnetic Force | Opposites attract;likes repel Protons & electrons Electrons and Nucleus |
| Strong Force (the physicists got original naming this one) | Holds protons and neutrons together to make the nucleus Greater than electromagnetic force between protons (since the protons would repel each other) |
| Weak Force – Yes, it’s a very weak force | Deals more with radioactive decay and nuclear fusion |
| The Periodic Table | Columns are called groups or families, and as family members, they have similar properties Rows are called periods. They do not share properties, but properties change as one goes from left to right |
| The Periodic Table Pt. 2 | The first element in a period is always an extremely active solid. The last element in a period is always a particularly inactive gas. These are referred to as the “noble gases. |
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