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| Question | Answer |
| How to convert from Binary to Denary? | multiply the binary value with their place value and add it all up |
| How to convert from binary to hex? | Divide into 4 bit digits/nibble (from the right), each nibble assign with a hex value, add extra 0s if needed |
| Convert denary to hex? | Convert from decimal to binary , then from binary to hex |
| Convert hex to binary? | Assign each hex value (from the right) with a nibble value. Repeat for all hex values, then group together. |
| hex to decimal? | Put hex values into powers of 16 place values, multiply hex values by place values, and add them all together. |
| Convert a binary into its two's complement | First turn every 1 in the binary string to a 0 and vice versa, this should give us the binary string’s one’s complement. Then add one to the newly converted string, this will result in 2’s complement |
| Hexadecimal's values? | from 0-9 is 0-9 10 = A 11 = B 12 = C 13 = D 14 = E 15 = F |
| What problems do two's complement resolve? | Two’s complement solves the double zero issue and the incorrect mathematics issue. |
| Convert from two's complement into decimal? | Multiply the far left binary digit by its place value and then multiply by -1, then add this onto the denary value of the remainder bits. e.g. 100101 in 2’s complement is =(1x32x-1)+(0x16)+(0x8)+(1x4)+(0x2)+(1x1)= -27 in denary. |
| If a far bit left of a two's complement bit pattern is 1 ... | ...the bit pattern represents a negative no. |
| What is ASCII, it's advantages and disadvantages? | American Standard Code for Information Interchange, advantages: takes up little space since it's only storing 8 bits, disadvantages: 128 characters is not enough |
| What are Unicode? | Character system ranging from UTF-8 to UTF-64, with over a million combinations. This, however, leads to more storage space required |
| What are BCDs? | Binary Coded Decimals, taking every decimal digit and turning it into 4 bit pattern. E.g. 214 = 0010 0001 0100 |
| Packed BCD vs Unpacked BCD | Unpacked: 1 decimal digit = 1 byte Packed: 1 decimal digit = 1 nibble |
| Uses of BCD | Due to its simple circuits, BCDs are used for simple maths calculations Useful for storing date and real-time values, like in the BIOS |
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