4438454
Description
Flashcards by Dean Whittle, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by Dean Whittle
about 8 years ago
|
|
| Question | Answer |
| Sequence | Where instructions are executed one after another in series. |
| Selection | Where the program will execute certain instructions based on conditions. |
| Example of selection | Selection statements include: IF…THEN…ELSE and CASE...OF to select which commands to execute. |
| Iteration | Where a program will execute a group of instructions zero or more times based on a condition. |
| Examples of iteration | FOR loops will execute instructions a specifi c number of times, REPEAT…UNTIL loops one or more times and WHILE…DO loops zero or more times. |
| Condition | A boolean expression that controls an iteration or selection statement. For example, REPEAT…UNTIL X=10, where X=10 is the condition. |
| Boolean Expression | An expression that is true or false. |
| High level programming language | A programming language where programming constructs are written in a way that is close to natural language instead of in mnemonics or machine code. |
| Assembly Language | Second generation programming language where instructions are in the form of mnemonics. |
| Mnemonics | Abbreviations representing commands used in assembly language programming. For example, LDA, STO, ADX. |
| Machine Code | First generation code; binary instructions where some bits are used to defi ne the operation (called the “opcode”) and some bits defi ne the data to be used. |
| Translator | The piece of systems software used to convert different programming languages into machine code. Three types: assembler, interpreter and compiler. |
| Interpreter | A translator that converts high level languages into machine code one line at a time, checking syntax, converting to machine code and executing the code. |
| Compiler | A translator that converts high level languages into machine code. Works through the whole program (source code) checking the syntax, then converting to machine code |
| Source Code | The original high level program. |
| Object Code | The executable version of the program after it has been compiled. |
| Assembler | The translator that converts assembly language programs into machine code. |
| Identifier | A unique name for an item (variable, constant, program, procedure etc.) within the program. |
| Constant | A named value within a program that has a specific value. Its value does not change while the program is running. |
| Variable | An identifier associated with a particular memory location, used to store data. Its value may change as the program is run and new values are assigned to it. |
| Data Type | A formal description of the type of data being stored in a variable. It defi nes the amount of memory required and the type of operations that can be performed on that variable. |
| Integer | Data type for whole numbers. Typically uses 2 bytes |
| Real | Data type for fractional numbers. Typically uses 4 bytes. |
| Data type for fractional numbers. Typically uses 4 bytes. | Data type for text, zero or more characters. Typically uses 1 byte per character. |
| Operations | The actions that can be performed on a variable. |
| Arithmetic Operations | Add, subtract, multiply, divide, integer division (DIV) and modulus (MOD) |
| Array | A group of data items of the same data type that use a single identifi er. Individual data items are accessed using a subscript. |
| Syntax | A set of rules that defi nes how program statements must be written in order for the translator to understand them. |
| Syntax Errors | An error in the format of the program statements such as missing semicolons or keywords spelt incorrectly. |
| Logic Errors | An error in the algorithm that means the outcome is not as expected, even though the program will run. |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.