4598836
Description
Flashcards by Sydney Franko, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sydney Franko
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Cell Theory | 1. All organisms are made of cells 2. Cell is the smallest unit of life 3. All living things come from pre-existing cells |
| Two Main Types of Cells | 1. Prokaryotic 2. Eukaryotic |
| Differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic | Prokaryotic: No nucleus Loosely organized No organelles Bacteria only Eukaryotic: Have nucleus Organized nucleus Have organelles Protist, Plants, Fungi, Animals |
| Cell Organization | Plasma membrane DNA region Cytoplasm |
| Plasma membrane | Controls movement of material into and out of the cell |
| DNA region | Heredity and Reproduction |
| Cytoplasm | "Fluid" of the cell |
| 2 Types of Prokaryotic Cells | Eubacteria and Archaebacteria |
| What is in the structure of Prokaryotic Cells? | Plasma membrane Cell wall Nucleoid May have flagella for movement Pilli (stick to things) |
| What is contained in a nucleoid? | Singular circular chromosomes Ribosomes occur in the cytoplasm |
| 2 Types of Cell Membranes | Phospholipid Bilayer Fluid Mosaic Model |
| Phospholipid bilayer | Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions |
| Fluid Mosaic Model | Phospholipids (most abundant) Glycolipids Sterols (cholesterol in animal membranes) Proteins |
| What are the functions of membrane protein? | 1. Transport- move water soluble substances (molecules or ions) across 2. Receptor- Interact with other substances such as hormones which change cell activities 3. Recognition- Identify the cell type (by oligosaccharide chains) 4. Adhesion- Keep cells of the same type together |
| What are the limitations of cells? | 1. Surface area to volume constraints 2. The cell membrane can only serve a certain amount of cell volume 3. Inflow of nutrients and outflow of wastes must be fast enough 4. Materials must be able to move easily through the cytoplasm |
| What is an organelle? | An internal membrane bound sac or compartment that serves one or more specialized functions inside eukaryotic cells |
| Types of Organelles | Nucleus Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi body Vesicles Mitochondria Chloroplasts and plastids (in plant only) |
| Non-membrane bound organelles | Ribosomes Cytoskeleton Plasma membrane |
| What is contained in the nucleus? | DNA Nuclear envelope Nucleoplasm Nucleolus Chromosomes |
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