464367
Description
Flashcards by sophietevans, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by sophietevans
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Creatinine can be used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate. However, a small amount of it is secreted, so it is not completely accurate. What can be used to calculate glomerular filtration rate instead? | Inulin, which is exogenous and so is completely cleared. It is fully excreted, so the rate at which glomerular filtration occurs is equivalent to the clearance of inulin. |
| Given that the average filtration fraction of the plasma is 20%, how can the PAH clearance of plasma be equivalent to the renal plasma flow? | • Para-amino hippuric acid (PAH) is freely filtered by the kidneys and not reabsorbed. Even the plasma that isn’t filtered is cleared of PAH because the kidneys are so effective at secreting it as it passes along the peritubular capillaries. So, given that ALL the plasma entering the kidneys is cleared of PAH, the rate at which plasma is flowing through the kidneys is equivalent to the clearance of PAH. |
| What is the term for the percentage of whole blood that consists of blood cells? It is required to calculate renal blood flow. | The haematocrit. |
| Why might it be difficult to test the glomerular filtration rate using inulin clearance? | Because inulin is exogenous and so a person must be fully perfused with it before measurements can be taken. |
| What is the clinical significance of calculating renal function? | Calculating the renal function is significant in assessing the presence and/or severity of kidney damage, be that due to infection, diabetic nephropathy, or any other cause. |
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