Inside the Earth

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All about inside the earth
Nevin Gregory
Flashcards by Nevin Gregory, updated more than 1 year ago
Nevin Gregory
Created by Nevin Gregory over 8 years ago
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Question Answer
Pangea is ___________ The idea that all the continents used to be one giant supercontinent, but then broke up and drifted apart
What theory was introduced by Alfred Wegner? The theory of continental drift
Name all the layers of the Earth Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle - Asthenosphere and Lithosphere, and Crust
What occurs throughout the whole mantle? Convection Currents
The lithosphere is divided into separate ____________, which move very slowly. Plates
What moves tectonic plates? Convection Currents
Below the lithosphere is the _____________ which is more of a tar-like consistency Asthenosphere
Major geological events such as earthquakes result from ___________ ____________ movement. Tectonic Plate
Give examples of abrupt changes on the Earth's surface Volcanoes and earthquakes
Give 1 example of a gradual change Building up and wearing down of mountains
Where on the plates is Earth's crust in motion? On the edges and boundaries
What is the theory of the plate tectonics? It connects the evidence for the formation, movement, and destruction of tectonic plates
What are faults? Cracks in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other
Define Transform Boundaries Boundary where two tectonic plates slide past each other in opposite directions
Define Divergent Boundaries Boundary where two tectonic plates slide apart
What is the effect of Divergent boundaries on land? In water? On land, it creates a rift valley. In water, it creates new land
Define Convergent Boundary When two tectonic plates push together and collide
List all effects of Convergent Boundaries Cont. vs. Cont. = Mountains Ocean vs. Cont. = Subduction Ocean vs. Ocean = Subduction, deep ocean trench
What is Sea Floor spreading? Process when molten lava rises up out of the mantle, cools, forms new rock, and pushes older rock to the sides of the MOR
What are earthquakes? When tectonic plates create a force that creates shaking and trembling
Name the 3 types of Stress and describe Shearing - Pushes rock in opposite directions Tension - Pulls on rock so that it is thin in the middle Compression - Squeezes on rock until it breaks or folds
Name 3 types of faults and describe Normal- Crust is being pulled, and the rocks on the fault are sliding down Reverse - Crust is being pushed together, and the rocks are sliding up Strike-slip - Rocks on either side slip past each other sideways
Seismographs are ____________ Graphs that record ground movement caused by seismic waves
What is the Richter scale? It rates the strength of earthquakes
Name the three types of volcanoes Shield, cinder cone, composite
Name a famous volcano belt in the Pacific Ocena The Ring of Fire
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