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| Question | Answer |
| Strengths derived from marriages and families | 1. reproduction/nurturant care of children. 2. establishment of an individual's social identity, thru social role and status 3. source of intimacy and need fulfillment throughout a life span |
| 5 common myths about marriage and family | 1. myths about the past 2. myths about what is natural 3. myths about the self-sufficient family 4. the myth of the family as a haven 5. myth of the perfect family |
| nuturant care | the provision of the essential emotional and social needs of human beings |
| social identity | the name given at birth that distinguishes us from others and attaches us to a family of orientation |
| family of procreation | the family formed later thru marriage and child-rearing |
| social roles | acquired thru family of orientation (son, daughter) and family of procreation (partner, mother/father) |
| social status | the social esteem assigned to the status occupied by an individual |
| ascribed status | status of the family of orientation |
| achieved status | things that we have some control over (career, education) |
| legal definition of marriage | the minimal composition and boundaries of the family group. commonly used for tax purposes and gov't assessment |
| definition of family | at least one parent/guardian and one child who share common residence |
| definition of marriage | two people who established an approved relationship and maintain a common residence |
| functional definition of family | one or more/parents and one or more children with the function of nurturant-socialization |
| functional definition of marriage | normatively defined relationship between two people with the major function of intimacy and need fulfillment |
| Inclusive definition of family | focuses on the meaning of the relationship between members of the family group |
| Normative definition of family | a kinship group normatively defined to carry out nurturant socialization of dependent children |
| normative definition of marriage | normatively defined relationship between at least 2 people, established with intentions of performance and the primarily sexually based bond in which the reproduction of children is expected to occur |
| conceptual approach | a set of fundamental assumptions about society that guides sociological thinking and research |
| structural functional | society is made up of interdependent parts, each fulfilling a necessary function |
| functional needs the family meets | reproduction, socialization and motivation |
| functional alternative | other forms that may fulfill functions similar to that of a traditional family |
| conflict approach | conflict is inevitable as self-interest is common to all social groups. power is the center and a source of conflict. values, ideas and practices reinforce the inequality in society |
| symbolic interaction | humans use symbols to denote the world around them and are capable of self-reflection and evaluation |
| social exchange theory | rational choice. actors, groups and institutions make rational choices to maximize rewards and minimize costs |
| family development approach | stages of family life cycle based on development of need and tasks. task originate from: 1. physical maturation of children 2. cultural pressures/priviledges |
| 8 stages of family life cycle | 1. married couples without children 2. childbearing families (oldest child 0-30 months) 3. families with preschool children (2.5-6 yrs) 4. families with school age children (6-13 yrs) 5. families with teenagers (13-20 yrs) 6. families as launching centers (1st child gone. last leaving) 7. middle age parents (empty nest to retirement) 8. aging family members (retirement to death of both spouses) |
| 4 types of data collection | 1. content analysis 2. field research 3. experimental research 4. survey research |
| probability of sampling | equal chance of being chosen to be included in the sample |
| non-probability sampling | the population is unknown |
| definition of dating | interaction of couples that enable to explore varying level of intimacy and commitment |
| definition of courtship | interaction that enable couples to explore deeper levels of intimacy and commitment with a view to long term commitment |
| functions of dating | manifest: 1. recreation 2. mate selection latent: 1. socialization 2. social status 3. fulfilling ego needs 4. opportunities for sexual experimentation and intimacy |
| permanent availability | social exchange theory. marriage market is open and playing the field is desireable |
| exogamy | partner must be outside of prohibited groups |
| endogamy | within acceptable social or cultural groups |
| heterogamy | selecting mate different background/characteristics |
| homogamy | mate with similar cultural, economic or demographic characteristics |
| sex ratio | impacts the marriage market in terms of overall availability of dating partners |
| filter theory | most will narrow the pool of prospective partners by selecting people we interact with regularly and have certain desirable traits |
| network interference | attempts of family or friends to influence dating choices |
| gender differences in perception and expectations of dating | women less favorable of casual sex egalitarian values have affected roles of men and women in the dating relationship |
| psychological abuse | insults, threats, public intimidation |
| physical abuse | pushing, grabbing, slapping, choking, assault with a weapon or object |
| sexual abuse | undue pressure to engage in sexual acts |
| date rape | unwanted, forced intercourse in the context of dating |
| 3 types of date rape | 1. early 2. beginning 3. relational |
| preoccupation | singular concentration on love object |
| reciprocation | long for love to be returned |
| exclusivity | this is the only one |
| fantasization | fantasize how love will be declared |
| searching | cues that signify the desire to each other |
| idealization | only the good can be found |
| companionable love | love that includes physical and emotional attachments, alongside a realistic assessment of the partner and relationship |