Mood Disorders

Question	Answer
Cyclothymic Disorder consists of?	2 year duration to get a diagnosis and they will alter between hypomania and depression.
behavioral characteristics desire to participate in activities with depressed and manic. interaction with other people in depressed and manic. affiliation needs in depressed and manic.	depressed desire is decreased and manic is increased. depressed is limited and withdrawn, and manic is talkative and gregarious. depressed person is very needy and has increased dependency and manic is independent and self sufficient.
Affective Mood, guilt, crying spells, gratification, and emotional attachments in the depressed and manic patient.	Mood in depressed is despair and desolation whereas in manic it is unstable euphoric and irritable. crying spells in depressed at first they cry a lot then after they cant due to decreased energy whereas in manic they cry for a short period of time. Gratification in depressed is loss of interest in pleasurable activities where as with the manic patient is constantly seeking fun and excitement. emotional attachment in depressed is apathetic indifference to others and in manic it is forms of intense attachment rapidly.
Cognitive Self evaluation, expectation, self criticism, decision making ability, flow of thought body image, delusions, and hallucinations in the depressed and manic patient.	Self evaluation in depressed is failure, worst case scenario, and personalizes negatively where as the manic person has grandiose belief of self. expectation in the depressed person is hopeless, overgeneralizes one experience or fact where as the manic patient has inordinate positive expectations unstable to see potential negative outcomes. self criticism in depressed Is anticipates disapproval from others and manic person is approves own behavior and irate when criticized by others. decision making in depressed is decreased but difficulty due to distractibility in manic, flow of thought is decreased in depressed but flight of ideas in manic, body image in depressed is ugly and manic belief of beauty, delusions in depressed is somatic and grandeur in manic, and hallucinations not common in either.
Sociocultural sexual desire in depressed and manic patient?	depressed patient has loss of desire where as a manic patient has increase in activity and partners.
Physiological Appetite, amount of sleep, activity level, bowel activity, and physical appearance in the depressed and manic.	appetite in depressed is increased during mild to moderate but decreased during severe, and in manic it is difficulty due to poor judgement. amount of sleep in depressed in increased during mild to moderate but decreased during severe and in manic only sleep 1 to 2 hours per night. bowel activity they both have constipation due to poor nutrition, physical appearance in the depressed in unkept and poor hygiene and in the manic it is bright colors and changes clothing frequently. activity level in the depressed is retarted and in the manic it is hyperactivity.
what two theories are the causes of mood disorders?	Genetic- "bipolar runs in families" and chemical (neurotransmitters) NE, S, and DO.
two causes of depression are?	Low levels of NE, S, and Do, and increased ACH.
two causes of mania are?	Increased levels of NE, S, thyroid hormone and DO, with low levels of ACH and
what are the most important things a nurse must asses when a person come into the office with complaints of depression?	take careful history, ask about any manic episodes and then gather blood work to check levels of DO, S, ACH, and thyroid.
Secondary depression is?	Any depression caused by a chronic illness "something else is going on" ex. Alzheimers, HIV, Diabeties
What Substances and meds can cause depression?	Antihypertensive, Alcohol, Oral contraceptives, steroids and Accutane (treatment for severe acne.)
what are two type of treatment therapies to treat depression?	psychotherapy for mild to moderate depression it consists of cognitive behavioral, interpersonal group therapy for mild to moderate, medication and psychotherapy for major depression "not necessarily meds for the rest of their life. and their is ECT "shock therapy" which is used a lot on the elderly due to not being able to take meds. it normalizes the brain chemistry.
Additional treatment options for depression consist of 3 things?	Diet- not eating so they don't feel good exercise helps to do a lot better with anxiety stress management- use of st johns wart for stress it boosts serotonin levels but do not take with antidepressants because it can lessen the effects of it.
what is the treatment for bipolar disorder and what two types does it consist of?	the treatment for bipolar disorder is meds- must be on it for rest of life 1. mood stabilizer: lithium and 2. anticonvulsant- tegretol "calms and the brain" it is an anti seizure med.
what are the three types of antidepressants?	MAIO- ase- "break down something" it prevents the breakdown of S, NE, DA SSRI- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. TC Antidepressants
What does mao inhibitors do? name three examples and what are 4 side effects ass with this drug? list the dietary and drug restrictions with this med? and what is the danger of this med?	Mao inhibitors prevent the breakdown of NE, S and DO. Parnate, Nardil, and Marplan, (PNM) vertigo, insomnia, tremor and gi distress. avoid foods high in tyramine (cheeses, wines, processed meats,raisins, pea, etc.) avoid taking cold med over tha counter. this drug can cause an antihypertensive crisis
TC Antidepressants- list 5 examples. What problem can be caused with TCA's? what are 2 adverse reactions? and what are some adverse side effects.	Elavil, Trofranil, Pamelor, Anafranil, Norpramin, these meds can cause cardio toxicity so do not give to a patient with heart and circulatory issues. two adverse reactions of TCA's are sedation and low blood pressure "esp initially starting therapy so watch for orthostatic hypotension." some adverse side effects are anticholinergic "Dry mouth, eyes, blurry vision, urinary retention, and constipation.
SSRI list 6 examples of it. which is the first one to be revolutionized for depression in children which are the 3 newer ones and which one does not cause weight gain so it is app for children and adolescence low dose. list the 8 adverse reactions. what should they do when taking the meds and how long does it take effect for antidepressant meds to work.	Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, Luvox, Celexa, Lexapro, Cymbalta. the first one to revolutionized for depression in children is Prozac. the 3 newer ones are Lexapro, Cymbalta and Celexa, Lexapro does not cause weight gain so it is appr for children and adolescence in low dose. adverse reactions are headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tremors, eps syndrome, weight loss "esp initially it suppress appetitie" and sexual dysfunction "tell the doctor so they put on another ex. wellbutrin" they should take meds with milk for something to eat and antidepressant takes about weeks to see any change so inform patient.-
Mood Disorder What are the two Major Depressive Disorders and their descriptions?	Seasonal affective disorder- low light level disorder dealing with the climate. State of depression. Postpartum depression disorder- after pregnancy their is blues which is common but PDD is weeks to years after their is increased risk of suicide, and infanticide due to hormonal changes, stress, and not enough sleep.
Dysthmic Disorder is characterized by what 3 things?	Chronic Low level of depression "down and sad most of the time. but they still function" persist 2 years in adults and 1 year in children and adolescence.
Bipolar disorder cycle consists of?	extreme euphoria on one end , to normal to profound depression on the other end.
Bipolar disorder 1 consists of?	a state of full manic syndrome with an episode of major depression.
Bipolar disorder 2 consists of?	recurrent major depression with hypomania.
what is the difference between hypomania and mania	hypomania and mania is the same except that with mania their is delusions and hallucinations, hospitalization, disrupted day to day functioning, and seriously elevated or irritable mood beyond the norm of a very good mood.

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	Created by Jae MedSkool Abr about 11 years ago