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Description
Flashcards by Rylee Cruz, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Rylee Cruz
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is a homologous pair of chromosomes? | one gene that determines a certain physical factor from the mother and one from the father. These are homologous pairs. |
| describe a chromosome | inside the nucleus of each cell, there are DNA molecules packed into thread like structures called chromosomes. |
| How many chromosomes in all human body cells. | 23 from each parent therefore 46. |
| what is an allele? | alleles are either dominant or recessive and there is one from each parent regarding physical traits. |
| whats a phenotype? | the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
| whats a genotype? | the genes for a particular characteristic present in n organism. |
| homozygous definition | two of the same genotypes. |
| heterozygous definition | different genotypes. |
| what do genes do | tell your body to create proteins |
| what are gametes | sex cells |
| what is the first cell called | the zygote |
| diagram of a cell | cell -nucleus-chromosomes-DNA- proteins |
| what bases go together? | at and gc |
| what does DNA stand for? | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| what does A,C,T,G stand for | a=adenine c=cytosine t=thymine g=guanine |
| what is meiosis? | a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell |
| what is mitosis? | a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus |
| define genetic modification | the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic materia |
| how has gene technology been used to help humans? | disease resistant plants, vaccine production and human insulin etc |
| what is a genetically modified plant? | plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering techniques. In most cases, the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species. |
| what is a transgenic animal? | animals that have had a foreign gene deliberately inserted into their genome. |
| what is a plasmid? | a genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes, typically a small circular DNA strand in the cytoplasm of a bacterium or protozoan |
| what is recombinant DNA? | DNA that has been formed artificially by combining constituents from different organisms |
| what is distance? | how far something travels |
| what is time? | an interval or a period |
| what is speed? | the rate at which something moves |
| how do you convert km/h to m/s? | divide by 3.6 |
| distance formula | speed x time |
| time formula | distance / speed |
| speed formula | distance / time |
| what is deceleration? | acceleration that causes an object to slow down. |
| newtons first law | Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it. |
| newtons second law | The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. |
| newtons third law | For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
| example of newtons 1st law | a box sitting on a desk is in uniform motion until a force is applied to it and it is pushed. |
| example of newtons second law | bigger the mass, smaller the acceleration / smaller the mass, bigger the acceleration. |
| example of third law | if a cannon is shot, the equal and opposite reaction occurs to a person standing behind. |
| what is inertia? | the resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion. |
| define gravity | the force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface |
| what is air resistance? | Air resistance is a force that is caused by air. The force acts in the opposite direction to an object moving through the air. |
| what is weight? | the force exerted on a body by gravity. |
| what is mass? | the quantity of matter in a body regardless of its volume or of any forces acting on it. |
| what does acid and metal create? | metal salt and hydrogen |
| how to test for the presence of hydrogen | pop test |
| what does acid and base make? | salt and water |
| acid and metal carbonate makes? | carbon dioxide and metal salt |
| what is limewater used for? | to indicate the presence of co2 |
| metal and oxygen? | metal oxide |
| what is incomplete combustion | only partial burning of the fuel / due to lack of oxygen or low temperature. |
| what is complete combustion | needs a full supply of oxygen |
| how to speed up corrosion? | adding water especially salt water |
| what is necessary for corrosion? | oxygen |
| what is ch4 | methane |
| HCC | hyrdrochloric cid |
| H2SO4 | sulfuric acid |
| what is the law of conservation of mass | mass of the products must equal the mass of the reactants |
| what is the name of the group of substances that are used to determine if a solution is basic or acidic? | indicators |
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