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Description
Flashcards by Isabel van der Hoorn, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Isabel van der Hoorn
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| State of a metal? | All metals are solids at room temperature except Mercury as the strength of the metallic bond varies. |
| Melting point and boiling point of a metal? | They all have very precise melting point. |
| Density of a metal? | Most metals have high densities except for Li and Na (float on water) |
| What is the appearance of a metal? | Metals have metallic lustre. |
| What is the malleability of a metal? | Metals are able to bend as the cations are easily moved, however the strength of the metallic bond stays the same (nondirectional). |
| What is the definition of ductile? | The ability to be drawn out into a wire. Same explanation as malleability. |
| Can metals conduct heat (thermal conductivity)? | Metals can transfer heat because the cations are arranged in a lattice structure, and therefore the kinetic energy is easily transferred from one cation to the next. |
| Can metals conduct electricity (thermal conductivity)? | Metals have cations and delocalised electrons. These electrons are non directional and free to move and carry a current. |
| What is an alloy? | A mixture of metal with one or more other elements. |
| Why are alloys stronger than metals? | Because they are made up of a mixture of metals and elements, this alters the arrangement of bonding, making it difficult for layers to move each other. This also makes them less ductile/malleable. |
| Why doesn't aluminium initially react? | It is covered in a thin, transparent coating of aluminium oxide which protects it. It would be very reactive without this. |
| What happens to the rate of reaction with oxygen when the temperature is increased? | The rate of reaction of metals with air increases when the temperature is raised. |
| What are necessary conditions for rusting? | Water (moisture) and oxygen are needed. Salt is a catalyst and speeds up the process. |
| Li Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Kept under oil as react violently React with cold water to produce hydroxide and hydrogen Violent. Produces salt and hydrogen All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| Na Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Kept under oil as react violently React with cold water to produce hydroxide and hydrogen Violent. Produces salt and hydrogen All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| Ca Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Kept in airtight tin React with cold water to produce hydroxide and hydrogen Vigorous. Produces salt and hydrogen All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| Mg Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Burns bright white light (MgO) Cold H2O reaction very slow Brisk All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| Al Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Transparent coating (Al2O3) React with steam forming oxide and hydrogen. Brisk after heating (removes coating) All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| Zn Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Burn with decreasing vigour down series React with steam forming oxide and hydrogen. Reaction vigour decreasing down produces salt and hydrogen. All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| Fe Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Burn with decreasing vigour down series React with steam forming oxide and hydrogen. Reaction vigour decreasing down produces salt and hydrogen. All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| Pb Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Do not burn when heated, form oxide layer on surface. No reaction. Pb reacts then stops as insoluble coating forms. All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| (H) Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Do not burn when heated, form oxide layer on surface. No reaction. No reaction below H All metals displace metals below them Found as compounds (extracted by electrolysis) |
| Cu Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | Do not burn when heated, form oxide layer on surface. No reaction. No reaction below H All metals displace metals below them Some Cu found as pure. |
| Ag and Au Reaction with air: Reaction with cold water and steam: Reaction with acids: Displacement reactions: Found in nature: | No reaction. No reaction. No reaction below H All metals displace metals below them Found as pure element. |
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