Flashcards

Igneous rocks unit 1.1 flashcards:(

Opal Khan English 20 cards

Cards in this deck (20)

1What is geology?Geology is the study of rocks, their history and the processes that form and change them.
2What was the first type of rock formed on Earth known as?The first type of rock was known as igneous rock.
3What is the mantle?The mantle is the layer of the earth below the crust.
4What is magma?Magma is molten rock that does not reach Earth's surface.
5What is lava?Lava is molten rock reaching the Earth's surface.
6What is the temperature of lava?The temperature of lava is about 1200 degrees when it erupts at the surface of the earth.
7Why does magma rising into the crust begin to cool?Magma rising into the crust begin to cool because it loses heat to the cooler rocks around it.
8What happens if magma reaches the surface to become lava?Then it cools rapidly, especially if the eruption happens under the ocean.
9How are rocks formed?Rocks are formed when the magma or lava cools so much that it solidifies.
10What are igneous rocks?Igneous rocks are rocks formed from cooling magma.
11What are extrusive igneous rocks?Igneous rocks that form on the surface of the Earth.
12What are intrusive igneous rocks?Igneous rocks that form below the surface of the Earth.
13What are crystals?A crystal is a solid that has a variety of special shapes.
14What are minerals?Minerals are chemicals found in rocks.
15What are two physical properties of minerals?Two physical properties of minerals are the size and the shapes of the crystals that form them.
16What other types of rocks are there besides igneous rocks?Other types of rocks are sedimentary and metamorphic.
17What are three properties of igneous rocks?Igneous rocks are:
-hard
-strong
-made of interlocking crystals
18What are interlocking crystals?Crystals that lock together and grow into each other in a rock.
19What are some examples of extrusive igneous rocks?Examples of extrusive igneous rocks include:
-Basalt, obsidian, pumice and scoria.
20What are some examples of intrusive rocks?Examples of intrusive igneous rocks include:
-Quarts, feldspar, biotite, granite and dolerite.