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Flashcards by Natalie Crellin, updated more than 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is an example of a top down scheme in Dharavi? | Vision Mumbai- a scheme set up by the Indian government in an effort to model Mumbai into a Shanghai like city. This included knocking down Dharavi and selling the land to investors. The people would live in apartment blocks. |
| What is an example of a bottom up scheme in Dharavi? | Microloans- banks which local people could borrow money from with no or little interest. This way people could improve their homes on their own, little by little. |
| What does a bottom up development mean? | A bottom up development is usually smaller scale, sometimes only affecting a village and focuses on the villagers needs, rather than generating money. Paid by charities, donations and decisions are made by local researchers who have been influenced by the local people. |
| What does a top down development mean? | A top down development is usually a grand scale, sometimes affecting a city or even a whole country, and aims to benefit everyone in some way. Paid for by TNC's and the government, who also make decisions. Usually includes expensive things which local people can't afford. |
| What are the challenges caused by rapid city growth? | Water insecurity; Informal economy; Electricity insecurity; High levels of pollution; Lack of adequate housing; Congestion and transport. |
| Where has all of Britain's industry gone? | - To other countries as it is cheaper to get employees - To the outer edge of cities because it is easier for transportation, less complaints, less expensive for rent/land, easier to expand |
| What is counter urbanisation? | Counter Urbanisation- when people move back to the countryside once they have made their fortune in the city. |
| What is re-urbanisation? | Re-urbanisation- When people move to the city again although they already moved out. |
| What is the main rule about the Brandt line? | The Brandt line generally states that countries above it are richer and the ones underneath are poorer. |
| Where is most urban growth occurring currently? | Most urban growth is occurring in LEDC's. |
| What is a megacity? | A megacity is a city with over 10 million inhabitants. |
| What is natural increase? | Natural increase is the increase of a city's population as a result of its residents having children. |
| What is a hub? | Hub - An area in a city where lots of important businesses are situated, making it important for a cities money making potential. |
| What is an ecosystem good? | Ecosystem good- Something which an ecosystem produces which you can hold onto. Eg. Paper, wood |
| What is an ecosystem service? | Ecosystem service- Something which an ecosystem produces but you can't hold onto. E.g. Purifying the air |
| Examples of boreal forest services? | -Stores carbon, helping prevent global warming - Provides many recreational and tourism opportunities - Culturally significant as a home for aboriginal people - Provides jobs for harvesting crops |
| Examples of boreal forest goods? | News print Paper Forest foods- such as maple syrup Christmas trees Some forest plant extracts are used in medicines |
| What are the three main threats to boreal forests? | Mining, logging and hydro electric power |
| What is the order of biomes, starting from furthest away from the equator? | Furthest - High Arctic Cold desert Boreal Forest Temperate forest Hot desert Savannah Closest - Rainforest |
| What are the four things which affect where biomes are? | Latitude, altitude, continentality, prevailing wind |
| What do ecosystems need? | Soil Rocks Food chains Climate Carbon dioxide Heat |
| What does abiotic mean? | Abiotic- non living E.g. rocks and soil |
| What does biotic mean? | Biotic- living E.g. flora and fauna (Plants and animals) |
| What did Malthus believe in? | Malthus basically believed humans are all doomed. One day, because of our ever increasing population, our intelligence will run out on how to keep stretching our food supply and human population will crash down to a level which the Earth can naturally support. |
| What did Boserup believe in? | Contrary to Malthus, Boserup believed that human intelligence will last us always, and that we will always find ways to feed ourselves in the most desperate situations. So far it seems Boserup is right as this has happened throughout the history of the Earth. |
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