Second language acquisition.

Second language acquisition.

1. KrashenTheory

   • The natural order hypothesis:
     • The language is acquired in a natural order.
     • Depends on the language being learnt.
     • Some elements of language appear before others as in L1
     • -The natural order applies to language that is acquired, not language that is learned.
   • The monitor hypothesis:
     • Helps explain the different functions that acquisition and learning play.
     • -previous knowledge helps build up new knowledge.
     • Monitor in the brain that they alert about mistakes.
     • Depends on the attention of the learner
   • Affective filter hypothesis:
     • Affective factor influences language acquisition.
     • learning starts with disposition.
     • A door blocks your brain from the information process, this is blocked by lack of motivation.
     • Boredom and lack of motivation Filter comprehension.
   • The input hypothesis
     • The people acquire language in only one way-when they receive oral or written messages they understand.
     • Depends on the learner.
     • The teacher modifies speech in order to help students learn.
     • It is the language to which the student is exposed in a communicative context

2. Schumann Theory

   • Psychological distance
     • Motivation
     • Culture shock
     • Attitude
   • Broader context of learning
     • Limited integration of cultures
     • Closed group
     • Cultural differences
     • Negative attitude towards the minority group
   • Schumanns says
     • Social distance does not allow effective learning
   • Schumanns is based
     • In speaking from cultural processes
     • Language conditions must be learned

3. Long’s interaction hypothesis

   • For Long is important
     • The connection, interaction and reaction that is generated
   • Interaction
     • Leads to conversational adjustments
   • Long says
     • What they tell me modifies my answer.
   • What is his emphasis?
     • Places the emphasis on interaction
   • The interaction forces us to
     • Negotiation of meaning, agreement on expressions,paraphrasing.

4. Swain's comprehensible output

   • Language denotation
     • Language is denoted the moment I speak and write and that is a bit above what it is
   • Input and output
     • Second language acquisition requires both input and output
   • What does his theory affirm?
     • Swain's claim is that when we receive input that we understand, we focus on meaning or the semantic
   • The importance of syntax
     • When we speak we have to string sentences together, and that requires attention to syntax.
   • Input is not the most important
     • With input, the student analyses only from a semantic perspective
   • What is swain focused on?
     • In production, in learn speek

5. Van lier's model

   • Exposure
     • What I receive in general from the environment
   • Input
     • It's what I pay attention to from the environment
   • Intake
     • It's What I try to retain
   • Uptake
     • What I practice
   • Proficiency
     • what I use creatively