Levels of Abstraction

Levels of Abstraction

1. Utterances

   • Any act of uttering
     • Non abstract physical event
       • Single Quotation mark
         • Paragraph
           • IF
             • Uttered all at once
           • Characteristics
             • No need to be Grammatical
               • By one person specific time, location, event
                 • any piece of language
                   • Example
                     • 'OK'
                     • 'Help'
                     • 'I enjoyed playing soccer'
                       • Cristhght
                         • Not from language

2. Sentences

   • Same grammatical information
     • Considers the grammar
       • Written in Italics
         • Example
           • Is what it
             • Its a utterance
               • Not sentence
                 • Because
                   • Not grammatical

3. Propositions

   • provide core essential universal understood meaning
     • Used
       • Translation
       • Many sentences one proposition
         • Can change language
           • Action (Agent, Theme/patient, Object)
             • Example
               • Michael bought a guitar
                 • A guitar was bought by Michael
                   • Michael compró una guitarra.
                     • Buy(Michael, A Guitar)
                       • No grammatical info
                         • No consideration for language
                   • Same Idea

4. Less abstract

   • Concrete physical

5. More Abstract

   • Cannot hear

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