148761
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Mind Map by becky.waine, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by becky.waine
about 11 years ago
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Copied by becky.waine
about 11 years ago
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GROUPS -
social
identiy and
intergroup
behaviour_
part two
- DEHUMANISATION
OF OUTGROUPS -
LEYENS ET AL -
2007 -
- primary emotions are common
to animals and humans (fear,
anger, joy), secondary emotions
are exclusive to humans, pity,
compassion, disapointment,
nostalgia etc. dehumanisation
of outgroups requires both
forms of emotion.
- SEMANTIC-ANTHROPOLOGICAL
DISCRIMINATION - judging others
in terms of animal but not human
characteristics.
- PRIMARY emotions are associated with
both ingroups and outgroups,
SECONDARY EMOTIONS are
associated with the ingroup only,
outgroup tends to be denied emotions
that are typically human. SO AS TO
maintain a high status, justifying
aggression and oppression.
- primary emotions are common
to animals and humans (fear,
anger, joy), secondary emotions
are exclusive to humans, pity,
compassion, disapointment,
nostalgia etc. dehumanisation
of outgroups requires both
forms of emotion.
- RELATIVE
DEPRIVATION
AND SOCIAL
UNREST
- BERKOWITZ - 1964 - long
hot summer - to explain
collective violence in race
riots that occurred during an
excessive heatwave.
- COLLECTIVE
VIOLENCE - race riots
in WATTS in LA in
1965, occurred after
the injustice of the
arrest of three black
people. millions of
property damaged, 34
people killed, high
level of unemployment
and deprivation.
- relative deprivation - "a sense of having
less than we are entitled to" - HOGG AND
VAUGHAN - 2005 - deprivation not
absolute but relative to other conditions.
seen as a precondition for intergroup
aggression.
- GURR - 1970 -
relative deprivation
is formed through
comparisons
between
experiences and
expectations.
- GURR - 1970 -
relative deprivation
is formed through
comparisons
between
experiences and
expectations.
- TYPES OF RELATIVE DEPRIVATION -
RUNCIMAN - 1966 - EGOISTIC R.D. = feeling
of personally having less than we feel we are
entitled to, relative to other similar people.....
and FRTERNALISTIC R.D. = our group has
less than it is entitled to compared to other
groups.
- implication of fraternalistic
relative deprivation with social
unrest. VANNEMAN ET AL -
1972 - negative attitude
towards blacks were more likely
to perceive the blacks were
better off when they weren't
- implication of fraternalistic
relative deprivation with social
unrest. VANNEMAN ET AL -
1972 - negative attitude
towards blacks were more likely
to perceive the blacks were
better off when they weren't
- GROUPS COMPETE
FOR SCARCE
RESOURCES -
SHERIF - 1966 -
where groups compete
for scare resources,
intergroup relations
become marked with
conflict and
ethnocentrism.
- FACTORS
AFFECTING
RELATIVE
DEPRIVATION
- 1. STRONG GROUP
IDENTIFICATION
- 2. PERCEIVED
EFFECTIVENESS
OF ACTION
- 2. PERCEIVED
EFFECTIVENESS
OF ACTION
- 3.
PERCEPTIONS
OF INJUSTICE,
less than
entitled to
- 4.
INGROUP-OUTGROUP
COMPARISONS -
likelihood for action
depends on similarity of
the outgroup.
- 1. STRONG GROUP
IDENTIFICATION
- FACTORS
AFFECTING
RELATIVE
DEPRIVATION
- BERKOWITZ - 1964 - long
hot summer - to explain
collective violence in race
riots that occurred during an
excessive heatwave.
- INTERGROUP COOPERATION
- REALISTIC
CONFLICT
THEORY - SHERIF
- 1966 - the
existence of
superordinate goals
and cooperation
reduces intergroup
hostility, avoidance
of mutually
exclusive goals.
- SOCIAL IDENTITY
THEORY - TAJFEL AND
TURNER - 1979 -
hostility will be reduced
if intergroup stereotypes
become less derogatory
and legitimised
non-violent forms of
intergroup competition
- breakdown outgroup
prejudice by promoting
interpersonal contact to
break down attitudes, and
by creating
super-ordinate goals to
promote intergroup
cooperation on a task.
- SUPERORDINATE GOALS -
SHERIF - 1966 - superordinate
goals have an outcome of mutual
benefit to groups, sherif states
their effectiveness to reduce
intergroup conflict. DION - 1979 -
resistance against a shared threat
is a common superordinate goal.
- SUPERORDINATE GOALS -
SHERIF - 1966 - superordinate
goals have an outcome of mutual
benefit to groups, sherif states
their effectiveness to reduce
intergroup conflict. DION - 1979 -
resistance against a shared threat
is a common superordinate goal.
- breakdown outgroup
prejudice by promoting
interpersonal contact to
break down attitudes, and
by creating
super-ordinate goals to
promote intergroup
cooperation on a task.
- SOCIAL IDENTITY
THEORY - TAJFEL AND
TURNER - 1979 -
hostility will be reduced
if intergroup stereotypes
become less derogatory
and legitimised
non-violent forms of
intergroup competition
- REALISTIC
CONFLICT
THEORY - SHERIF
- 1966 - the
existence of
superordinate goals
and cooperation
reduces intergroup
hostility, avoidance
of mutually
exclusive goals.
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