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Antarctica

Description

A Levels geography Mind Map on Antarctica, created by Benjamin Geers on 30/04/2014.
Benjamin Geers
Mind Map by Benjamin Geers, updated more than 1 year ago
Benjamin Geers
Created by Benjamin Geers over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Antarctica
  1. Tourism
    1. growing
      1. The 'gray pound'
        1. extreme environment
          1. skiing
            1. photographers
            2. 46000 tourist a year
            3. Sustainability
              1. 100 passengers per site
                1. 10% of sites damaged
                2. IAATO
                  1. International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators
                    1. one ship per site
                      1. No waste
                      2. demand for water
                      3. who's land?
                        1. buildings?
                          1. power stations?
                        2. Resource Exploitation
                          1. Oil and Mining
                            1. Currently banned
                              1. Madrid Protocol 1998
                                1. review 2048
                                2. TEP leaks 35 times per year
                                3. Oil in Southern Ocean
                                4. Whaling
                                  1. Factory Ships
                                    1. 250,000 Blue Whales to 1000
                                      1. banned in 1994
                                        1. Still allowed for Research
                                          1. worth $1 million
                                        2. Fishing
                                          1. CCAMLR
                                            1. Quotas
                                              1. 1982
                                              2. not sustainable
                                                1. Arctic Rock Cod can no longer be fished
                                                  1. Krill
                                                    1. food chains
                                                    2. reproduction rates low -PTF
                                                2. Government
                                                  1. Antactic treaty
                                                    1. 1961
                                                      1. 12 countries
                                                        1. no military presents or mineral extraction
                                                          1. share scientific Research
                                                          2. No natives
                                                            1. Fragile
                                                              1. who's land?
                                                                1. need for oil
                                                                2. who gets profits?
                                                                3. Ecosystem
                                                                  1. Fragile
                                                                    1. very adapted organisms
                                                                      1. two types of flowering plants
                                                                        1. can not adapt to change
                                                                        2. short growing season
                                                                          1. low light levels
                                                                        3. highly linked food chains
                                                                          1. over fishing Krill
                                                                        4. Geography
                                                                          1. Southern Ocean
                                                                            1. Larger than Europe
                                                                              1. 14 million km2
                                                                              2. high altitude
                                                                                1. Transantactic Mountains
                                                                                2. 'cold desert'
                                                                                  1. 150mm precipitation per year
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