Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution

1. Domestic System

   • Clothier buys wool from farmer
     • Villagers turn wool into cloth
       • Work however long as long as they meet there deadline
         • Clothier collects cloth
           • Cloth gets died in wee!

2. Inventions

   • Flying Shuttle - John Kay - 1733
     • Spinning Jenny - James Hargreaves - 1767
       • Water Frame - Richard Arkwright - 1769
         • Can't fit in houses so factories are made to fit them in

3. Mining

   • Chalk Damp - suffocation
     • Fire Damp - methane explosion
       • Caving In
         • Flooding
   • Miner - Digs Coal
     • Trapper - Opens trapdoor for carts
       • Bearer - Puts coal into wagons
         • Drawer - brings coal to surface
   • Bell, Drift Shaft

4. Factories

   • Noisy so people become deaf
   • Children made to clean machinery, get tangled in it
   • Beaten up and forced to work most of the day
   • No Safety
   • People move from countryside to towns
   • Near a water supply for steam; river
   • Robert Peel the nice guy
   • Canal or train-track nearby for transporting goods
   • Factory owner lives on the site of factory in his large house

5. Transport

   • Canals
     • Some slow, some fast.
     • Could dry up in hot summers
     • Cheap to make and use
     • Transport heavy/delicate goods
     • Quicker than some roads
     • Freeze in winter
     • Not for human transport
   • Rail
     • Rainhill Trials
       • Won by George Stephenson's Rocket
     • George Stephenson developed:
       • Liverpool - Manchester
         • Stockton - Darlingon
     • Navvies work on traintracks
   • Road
     • John McAdams - added tar to roads hence TarMac
       • Thomas Telford also designed roads
       • Better roads needed because goods got broken in wagons
     • Turnpike Trust - businessmen who own a road
       • Turnpike Road - road owned by Turnpike Trust
         • Toll - fee paid to us a road
           • Toll Keeper - person who collects the toll

6. Town Life

   • Cholera
     • Men who drank beer, didn't get cholera because they didn't drink water
     • Spreads through dirty water
   • Back-to-back houses
     • 4 families per house; sometimes a 5th in the cellar
     • Near factory
   • Overcrowded
   • Up to 50 people use toilet