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acute abdomen

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Mind Map on acute abdomen, created by hassan abu juama on 11/03/2018.
hassan abu juama
Mind Map by hassan abu juama, updated more than 1 year ago
hassan abu juama
Created by hassan abu juama over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

acute abdomen
  1. stephen 47yr,
    1. severe abdominal pain since 1 day
      1. chronic epigastric pain with mild-chronic diarrhea + bulky stools and steatorrhea
    2. causes
      1. perforating peptic ulcer
        1. intestinal obstruction
          1. ichemic bowel disease
            1. acute appendicites
              1. peritonitits
                1. acute pancreatitis
                  1. anatomy
                    1. embryology
                      1. physiology
                        1. endocrine
                          2. exocrine
                          3. causes
                            1. alcohol
                              1. gallstones
                                1. drugs thiazides
                                  1. hypercalcimia
                                    1. infections
                                      1. mumps CMV
                                        1. shock
                                          1. trauma
                                            1. genes
                                              1. PRSS-1 SPINK-1
                                                1. idiopathic
                                2. pathogenesis
                                  1. pancreatic duct obstruction
                                    1. edema
                                      1. compression of blood vessels
                                        1. ischemia
                                          1. acing cell damage
                                            1. release pancreatic enzyme
                                              1. auto digestion of pancreas
                                  2. C/P
                                    1. abdominal pain
                                      1. nausea
                                        1. retroperitoneal bleeding
                                          1. low hematocrit
                                    2. complications
                                      1. pseudocyst
                                        1. infected pancreatic necrosis
                                          1. SIRS
                                            1. chronic pancreatitis
                                      2. early complications
                                        1. biliary obstruction
                                          1. multi-organ failure
                                            1. peritonitis
                                              1. haemorrage
                                                1. wiring rupture
                                                  1. infection of the necrosis
                                        2. management
                                          1. fluids for shock
                                            1. treat cause
                                              1. oxygen
                                                1. painkillers
                                                  1. nutritional supplements
                                          2. surgical treatment
                                            1. remove bile duct obstruction
                                              1. cholecystectomy
                                                1. pancreas surgery
                              2. criteria of diagnosis and prognosis
                                1. ranson criteria
                                  1. 3 and less mild AP
                                    1. 4 and more severe AP
                                2. investigations
                                  1. for AP
                                    1. severe abdominal pain
                                      1. amylase or lipase X3 higher
                                        1. abdominal imaging results
                                      2. also
                                        1. CBC
                                          1. LFTs
                                            1. serum Ca2+
                                              1. Hb
                                                1. pulse oximetry
                                                  1. ABG
                                                2. for chronic pancreatitis
                                                  1. fecal fat
                                                    1. fecal pancreatic elastase
                                                  2. ultrasound
                                                    1. MRI
                                                      1. CT scan
                                                        1. ERCP
                                                  3. chronic pancreatitis
                                                    1. risk factors
                                                      1. males
                                                        1. alcohol
                                                          1. cystic fibrosis
                                                            1. gallstones
                                                              1. hypercalcemia
                                                                1. acute pancreatitis
                                                                  1. idiopathic
                                                      2. S&S
                                                        1. abdominal pain
                                                          1. nausea
                                                            1. weight loss
                                                              1. stools don't flush
                                                                1. fever
                                                                  1. diabetic evidence
                                                        2. pathogenesis
                                                          2. C/P
                                                            1. similar to AP plus
                                                              1. calcification on pancreatis
                                                                1. diabetes millitus
                                                                  1. pancreatic cancer
                                                            2. Differential Diagnosis
                                                              1. ACUTE
                                                                1. CHROIC

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