Biology

1. Plant cells have a cell membrane , cell wall , nucleus , vacuole , cytoplasm and chloroplasts.
   1. Cell structure

1. Animal cells only have a cell membrane , cytoplasm and a nucleus.They have smaller vacuoles than plant cells and sometimes have more than 1 , whereas plant cells usually have 1 larger cell.
   1. Cell structure
      1. Cell structure functions
         1. Cell Membrane
            1. The cell membrane is on the inside of the cell wall and controls the chemicals that can enter/leave , like a gatekeeper.
         2. Cytoplasm
            1. A soup of chemicals inside the cell that carry out its activities is called cytoplasm.
         3. Nucleus
            1. The nucleus is like the brain of the cell and controls all of its activities.It stores information in DNA molecules found in chromosomes.
         4. Cell wall
            1. The cell wall is made by the plant using cellulose.It supports the cell and refrains it from bursting.
         5. Vacuoles
            1. Vacuoles store food and water and can also hold waste products
         6. Chloroplasts
            1. Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called chlorophyll.They are not found in every plant but are common in leaf cells.They trap light to make energy for the plant.

Annotations:

• Cells are the building blocks of all life forms (organisms). Cells have many different features such as walls , membrane and cytoplasm. Plant and animal cells have significant differences and you can tell if organisms (made up of cells) are alive if they have the 7 life procceses. 

1. If something has the 7 life processes , it is a living organism / life form.

   Annotations:

   • The 7 life processes are : MOVEMENT~ This is the ability to move , needed to respond to their surroundings.Animals can move there whole body and flowers such as the sunflower for example move their heads to face the sun. RESPIRATION ~ This is the release of energy from food or the release of chemicals stored in cells for use by the organism. SENSITIVITY ~ Organisms need sensitivity to process and react to information from their environment.  GROWTH ~ Living things start off small and grow as they become older. REPRODUCTION ~ This is the ability to create new individuals to ensure the survival of the species. EXCRETION ~ This is the removal of waste from humans and plants do this by for example , shedding leaves in autumn. NUTRITION ~ To stay alive , the organism must take in energy.We eat to get our energy and plants absorb sunlight and create their own chemicals.

Annotations:

• The DIGESTIVE SYSTEM is made up of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, large intestine and small intestine.

1. Mouth
   1. The function of the mouth is to chew and break up our food and starts the digestive path.
2. Esophagus
   1. The esophagus' function is to carry food and liquids to our stomach
3. Stomatch
   1. The function of the stomach is to break down our food and extract from it what our body's can use.
4. Large Intestine
   1. The function of the large intestine is to remove any more water and absorbent nutrients before getting rid of the other indigestible waste.
5. Small Intestine
   1. The small intestine has a similar function to the large intestine , taking any absorbent nutrients.