Defined as the movement of people from
one place to another in the world for the
purpose of taking up permanent
residence
Eg. of semi
permanent
residence would
be seasonal
movements of
migrant farm
labours
People can
choose to move
voluntarily or be
forced to move
Definitions
Refugee : A
person who
is residing
outside the
country of his
or her origin
due to fear of
prosecution,
for reasons
of race,
religion,
nationality,
membership
in a particular
social group
or political
opinion.
Immigrant : A
person who is
entering a
country from
another to
take up new
residence.
Emigrant : A
person who is
leaving a country
to reside in
another.
Internally Displaced
Person : A person who is
forced to leave his home
region due to
unfavourable conditions
but do not go overseas.
Reasons why people migrate
Push Factors
Food shortage
War
Flood
Houses being
demolished
Tsunami
Lack of job opportunities
Over population
Natural disasters
Famines
Disorder in their homeland
Pull Factors
Nicer Climate
Better Food
Freedom
More relaxed Law
More Job Opportunities
Trade
Join their Families
Free Immigration Policy
Immigrants came
in large numbers
as British allowed
them to come and
go without any
cost.
practised this
policy as they
needed to attract
people to come
Success of SG as a port
Reasons why they
were attracted to SG
Free port
Excellent
Geographical
advantages
Job and Business Opportunities
As a settlement
that was newly set
up by the British,
there were all
kinds of work.
There were trades.
Problems with aging population
Shutting down of
maternity wards
Shortage of labour
Difficult for
the countries
to maintain
present
standards of living
Cannot fully
develop their
resources to
achieve higher
economic
growth
Increase in labour costs
Make countries
less attractive to
investors looking
for cheap labour
Aging workforce
is perceived to
be less active
and innovative
than a young
vibrant
workforce.
Economic strain on
working population
Working
adults have
to support
more elderly
Need for more
healthcare
services
Elderly more
prone to health
problems
Spend a larger
percentage of the
country budget on
community
services