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1702976
DNA - Genetic Code
Description
2.1.1
Mind Map by
aaron.mackenzie
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
aaron.mackenzie
over 9 years ago
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Resource summary
DNA - Genetic Code
Genetic Code
Characteristics
It is a triplet code - 4 to the power of 3 = 64 - only twenty amino acids used for protein synthesis
It is a degenerate code (all amino acids have more the one code) apart from methionine.
stop and start codons
wide spread but not universal
Transcription
1) The gene to be transcribed, unwinds and unzips by dipping into the nucleus, hydrogen bonds between base pairs break
2) activated RNA nucleotides hydrogen bonds to the exposed complementary base pairs - catalysed by RNA polymerase
3) The two extra phosphates are released, providing energy for bonding of adjacent molecules
4) The mRNA produced is complementary to the template strand and is therefore a copy of the coding strand of DNA.
5) The mRNA is released from the DNA and passed out of the nuclear pore to a ribosome
Is the creating of a single-stranded mRNA copy of the DNA coding strand
Genome
The genome of an organism is the entire DNA sequence of that organism, the human genome consists of about 3 billion nucleotide base pairs
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