Phagocytosis

Phagocytosis

1. 1. Initiation

   • which caused by damage to the tissues, either by trauma or as a result of microbial multiplication.

2. 2. CHemotaxis

   • Attraction of WBCs or other cells by chemicals

3. 3. Opsonization

   • Coating of a pathogen by substances to enhance phagocytosis
   • Opsonins are factors that include antibodies and complement components in plasma that coat pathogens and facilitate phagocytosis
   • Opsonins are also known as the Fe portion of antidbody and C3

4. 4. Adherence

   • Firm contact between phagocyte and microorg
   • works well for whole bacteria or viruses but less for proteins or encapsulated bacteria

5. 5. Engulfment

   • Into Cytoplasm and enclosed in a vacuole

6. 6. Digestion

   • Enzyamtic contents in vacuole destroy the microorg.

7. The engulfment of cells or particulate matter by neutrophils and macrophages.

   • There are two major cells that use Phagocytosis to remove pathogens in which are Polymorphonuclear cells and Mononuclear cells.
     • Polymorphonuclear Cells
       • 1. Neutrophils
         • 2. Basophils
           • 3. Eosinophils
         • Are smaller cells, more abundant than macrophages and travel quickly to a site of injury "MOMMIE Reaction CELL" to gobble up any infecting bacteria that may have entered/
     • Mononuclear Cells
       • 1. Monocytes in the Plasma
         • 2. Macrophages in tissues
           • These are large immune cells that patrol the body looking for invaders or dead cells. They also travel through bloodstream to seekout cells to devour
             • Also are Efficient Phagocytes
         • DIfferentiated Phagocytes
           • Each Monocyte s specific to an organ, they remian in that organ to patrol and attacak and invaders that enter that specific organ.

8. Extra NOte: Various molecules of the IS collaborate with the INNATE IS's cells

9. Is a type of Endocytosis

   • Endocystosis is the process in which a cell absorbs a particle, molecule, bacterium or other type of matter by engulfing them.

10. Engulfs the larger, solid particles, most the time it is another cell.

11. Involves Ingestion and digestion of

    • Microorganisms
      • Insoluble particles
        • Damaged or Dead host cells
          • Cell Debris
            • Activated clotting Factors

12. The speed of phagocytosis can be increased markedly by bringing tino action two attachment devices present on the surface of phagocytic cells:

    • Fe Receptor: which binds the Fe portion of antibody molecules, chiefly IgG. The IgG will have attached the organism via its Fab site.
    • Complement Receptor: The third component of complement (C3) also binds to organisms and then attaches to the complement receptor.

13. "phago" EAT!!!!!!

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