Cyber Safety

Cyber Safety

1. When do we use computers

   • In an office
   • At home
   • At shops
   • Even at airports

2. Technology helps..

   • Fighting crimes
   • Plays a key role in ensuring safety by adressing security issues
   • In the health sector

3. Financial Transactions

   • Helps in communication
   • Helps us remain connected to the outside world
   • Affects daily quality of our lives
   • Internet has evolved through the years
   • Considered the most significant invention in the last 30 years
   • Many issues like child bullying and account hacking still exists

4. Account Hacking

   • Fake emails claiming you have "won cash"
   • User gives away important details
   • Called email Spoofing

5. Email Spoofing

   • Phishing
     • signs
       • Spelling mistakes
       • Not personalised e.g not addressing you by your name
         • Sounding desperate for info
   • If they say things such as hi or dear customer, they are not personalising the email for you and so it may be fake
   • Trojan Horse
     • A virus that steals information from your computer without you knowing

6. Computer misuse

   • Looking at other people's data
   • Trying to use their data or share the data
   • If you alter the data
   • Why do they do this
     • Some do it for pure mischief, or for a challenge
     • To steal money
     • To steal or modify data
     • For political reason's, to expose wrongdoing, or to get revenge on people with opposing views

7. How do hackers do it?

   • Taking advantage of security weaknesses in older computer software such as Windows XP, which no longer receives automatic anti-virus updates from Microsoft
   • Taking advantage of common/obvious common usernames and passwords.
   • Tricking people into downloading malware onto their computer, which in turn gives the hacker access to view and modify your files.

8. What is malware?

   • It stands for 'malicious software'
   • It is a small program which enters a computer or network through a downloaded file or vulnerability in a network.
   • Malware could...
     • Gather personal or sensitive info
   • Types of malware
     • Hijacks some browser for example your default search page, or diverts you to particular websites. Also called Spyware
     • File infector: The virus infects a particular file. It may completely or partially overwrite a file.
     • Macro virus- Embedded in the template files (for example, of Word or Excel). The virus spreads
     • Signs of a malware
       • A new toolbar appears on your browser
       • Your home page has changed unexpectedly
       • You are on a genuine website and your browser alerts you it has blocked a pop-up window
       • You see adverts though you are offline
       • Your computer hard disk is overtirme
       • How to avoid malware
         • Avoid clicking on everything, e.g. offers that seem too good to be true
         • Don't visit illegal sites, such as those that let you download copyright material
         • Make sure your browser is configured to always ask before running files
         • Install up-to-date- antivirus software
         • Keep your browser software up -to-date

9. Logic Bombs

   • A logic bomb tells the computer to execute a set of instructions at a certain date and time or under certain specified conditions.

10. Ransomware

    • Ransomware is software illegaly installed on a computer so that the user of cannot access their files until a ransom is paid

11. Virus

    • a virus is a type of software
    • A computer virus replicates and installs itself without your consent
    • a virus can be spread through another computer through email files
      • Key logging- When they can see what you have typed and then they can get your username and password