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2760937
Chapter 2 - Software & Hardware
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AS ICT
Mind Map by
thomr023
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thomr023
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Chapter 2 - Software & Hardware
Software vs. Hardware
Software
code written to run programs on a computer system.
It can be used to control and use the hardware
binary code
Hardware
the physical aspects of a computer system that can be touched.
Lack of standardisation
Standardisation is the imposition of a set of standards on manufacturers
Problems
cost to consumers
compatibilty
Input devices
Keyboard
100-115 keys
inc. numeric keypad
Concept keyboard
useful for young children
used on touch-screen devices
Pointing devices
allows objects to be selected and manipulated on the screen
mouse
Tracker ball
an 'upside down' mouse. useful for people who have unsteady hands
Game devices
Joystick
consists of a stick and buttons
Game pads
created for specific games consoles eg: Wii
various controls w/ different functions depending on the game played
Magnetic strip/smart chip
Scanner
Microphone
Sensor
Output devices
Screens
used with a desktop computer to display what is currently in use
Speakers
Sound needed to listen to instructions, hear warning tones, listen to music, watch videos and have conversations
Lights
Printers
Laser printers
highest quality, fastest speeds, low running costs <2 p per page.
Popular in offices
Inkjet
Inkjet printers squirt ink onto the paper
cheap to purchase, high running costs due to ink
Popular in homes and 2nd printer in office
Dot Matrix
very common in the 1980s - now used very rarely.
printing on duplicate or triplicate paper
Plotters
used for drawing large images such as architectural drawings (eg building plans
able to accept large sheets & use pens to draw directly onto the paper making them suitable for vector images.
Choosing a printer
use
printing speed
initial cost
running cost
quality
colour
Storage devices
non-volatile memory - when the computer is turned off, the data is kept
Hard Disk
Opticial memory
Tape
Flash memory
Choosing a storage device
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