2860751
Description
Mind Map by ellie_brookes199, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by ellie_brookes199
almost 9 years ago
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Insomnia
- Biological
Explanations
- BRAIN CHEMISTRY (Primary)
- Reduction in
GABA, an
inhibitory NT.
So brain is not
switched off at
night. State of
HYPER
AROUSAL
- WINKLEMAN - Matched
pairs, 16 non medicated
insomniacs. 16 normal
sleepers. GABA levels.
Sufferers of more than 6
months had lower GABA
levels.
- Reduction in
GABA, an
inhibitory NT.
So brain is not
switched off at
night. State of
HYPER
AROUSAL
- GENETIC PREDISPOSITION (Primary)
- Sleep mechanism innate.
Inherited minor imbalance in
system leads to PI. Begins early
in life and runs in families
- BEAULIEU & BONNEAU - 35% of primary
insomniacs had 1st degree relative with
insomnia
- WATSON ET AL - twin study. MZ
concordance 47%. DZ concordance 15%
for PI.
- WATSON ET AL - twin study. MZ
concordance 47%. DZ concordance 15%
for PI.
- Methodological issues with twin studies. Not controlled environment effects. MZ
treated more similarly like same person. DZ treated like siblings. Mz develop
same personalities e.g. neurotic and experience same traumas. Expect
concordance to be 100% for MZ
- Sleep mechanism innate.
Inherited minor imbalance in
system leads to PI. Begins early
in life and runs in families
- REDUCTIONIST. KALES - may develop
PI due to neurotic personality and
over tendency to internalise
problems
- BRAIN CHEMISTRY (Primary)
- Psychological
Explanations
- PERSONALITY (CHRONOTYPE)
(Primary)
- Refers to time in CR that the
individual is most awake/alert. It is a
genetically inherited personality trait,
genes determine your CR.
- Owls function best in evenings and not very active in mornings. MORE LIEKLY TO
SUFFER FROM INSOMNIA. Their CR peaks roughly 2 hours later than larks. More
vulnerable to sleep onset insomnia.
- Owls function best in evenings and not very active in mornings. MORE LIEKLY TO
SUFFER FROM INSOMNIA. Their CR peaks roughly 2 hours later than larks. More
vulnerable to sleep onset insomnia.
- MORRIS ET AL - Sleep onset
insomnia have phase delay
pattern in rhythms of body
temp. Body temp peaks later
than typical.
- Methodological issues - correlational study.
Influenced by other EV e.g. work hours/noise levels.
- Methodological issues - correlational study.
Influenced by other EV e.g. work hours/noise levels.
- Refers to time in CR that the
individual is most awake/alert. It is a
genetically inherited personality trait,
genes determine your CR.
- MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS
(secondary insomnia)
- KAMEROW - 10X more likely as a result of a MHP than a
PHP. Closely associated with depression. Share common
underlying mechanisms. Depressions shown to have
abnormality in the genes that govern CR's
- OHAYON & ROTH - 14,195 ppts from
UK, Italy, Germany and Portugal,
interviewed over phone about psych
history and recent sleep patterns.
People with insomnia 6X more likely
to report MHP like depression or
anxiety.
- KAMEROW - 10X more likely as a result of a MHP than a
PHP. Closely associated with depression. Share common
underlying mechanisms. Depressions shown to have
abnormality in the genes that govern CR's
- GENDER BIAS - BETA, Insomnia
more common in females. More
likely to get stressed and develop
anxiety and have a neurotic
personality.
- PERSONALITY (CHRONOTYPE)
(Primary)
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