3182299
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Mind Map by Kirsty McFarlane, updated more than 1 year ago
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Cellular respiration
- All cells need energy in the form of ATP for activities such as movement, growth,
reproduction, and repair.Organisims obtain ATP by breaking down energy-rich organic
molecules either made by themsleves or obtained from other organisims. There are two types
of cellular repsiration; aerobic, which requires oxygen and generates relatively large amounts
of ATP, anaerobic, which does not require oxygen but generates relatively little ATP.
- Aerobic repsiration; refers to cellular respiration
that depends on oxygen. Cells have to oxidise
glucose in a much more controlled manner so that
the heat generated does not destroy them. Aerobic
repiration is a complex process in which energy-rich
molecules are broken down in a series of steps.
During the breakdown, energy is released which is
used to synthesize ATP from ADP+Pi. the heat
produced during respiration does not usually cause
organisms to burn because its release is spread
over many biochemical reactions
- There are four main stages in aerobic respiration;
- Glycolysis
- Link reaction
- PYRUVATE OXIDATION
- This links glycolysis to the Krebs Cycle (sometimes called the citric acid cycle). Pyruvate molecules are
decarboxylated (they lose a molecule of carbon dioxide) in the mitochondria. Pyruvate molecules are
oxidized and converted to acetylcoenzyme A, usually abbreviated to acetyl CoA.
- This links glycolysis to the Krebs Cycle (sometimes called the citric acid cycle). Pyruvate molecules are
decarboxylated (they lose a molecule of carbon dioxide) in the mitochondria. Pyruvate molecules are
oxidized and converted to acetylcoenzyme A, usually abbreviated to acetyl CoA.
- PYRUVATE OXIDATION
- Krebs cycle
- Electron transport chain
- Glycolysis
- Glycolysis; involves a series of reactions that take place
with or without oxygen in the cytosol of eukarytoic cells.
Glycolysis starts with one molecule of glucose and ends up
with two molecules of pyruvate a three-carbon compound.
During the process, a nucleotide (NAD) is reduced are ther
is a net production of two molecules of ATP.
- Glucose
- Glucose 6-phosphate
- Fructose 6-phopshate
- Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate
- Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate
- 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate
- 3 Phosphoglycerate
- 2 Phosphoglycerate
- Phosphoglyceraldehyde
- PYRUVATE
- PYRUVATE
- Phosphoglyceraldehyde
- 2 Phosphoglycerate
- 3 Phosphoglycerate
- 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate
- Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate
- Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate
- Fructose 6-phopshate
- Glucose 6-phosphate
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