Behavioural Approach

Behavioural Approach

1. Behaviourism

   • features: problem solving, scientific way of changing undesirable behaviour
   • Features
     • objective
     • mesaurable
     • obserbable
     • disruptive behaviour can be explained and treated
   • Image of person
     • Impoverished or inadequate
   • Techniques
     • Behaviour Modification
       • - rewarding desirable behaviour  - more effective in controlled social environment like hospitals, schools, prisons but prone to corruption and abuse - making clients aware of behaviour and knowing how to change the behaviour
       • functional analysis
         • stop smoking
           • Classical Conditiong
             • - identifying stimuls (when and where the behaviour happens) - identifying behaviour (what they do when they smoke) - identifying consequences (rewarding or pleasurable experiences)
           • Operant Conditioning
             • the person use avoidance behaviour (fear) which is rewarded or re-inforced by relaxing feeling (new behaviour)
       • Case Studies
         • Bulimia
           • - monitoring and recording eating behaviour for a period of time - a new regime was set up
       • systematic desensitization
         • car crash victim
           • - reconditioning the emotional response (fear) - learn to associate a new response (relaxed) to the stimuls
       • Cognitive-Behaviour
         • Competitive sport performance anxiety
   • Skinner's Operant Conditioning
     • - punishment is only temporary suppression of the behaviour - long-term behaviour change is achieved by acquisition of new behaviour 
     • Functional analysis
   • Pavlov's Classical Conditioning
     • associate a new stimulus to an unconditioned stimulus in order to generate same reflex response to the original response
     • Systematic Desensitization

2. Cognitive-Behavioural Approach