4020371
Gender Introduction
- Wilson biological view (1975)
- Argues that the need to reproduce
requires men to be more promiscuous-
'spreading the seed'.
- Women on the other hand, need to nurture one
child and stay faithful to the farther of their child
to ensure his help in its upbringing.
- Argues that the need to reproduce
requires men to be more promiscuous-
'spreading the seed'.
- The Functionalist view Parsons (1955)
- Females have an 'expensive role' in the family. This is
natural and based on their childbearing role but is
reinforced by socialisation
- Males have an 'instrumental role' in the
family that of a breadwinner and
protector. This is also natural, based on
physical strength but also reinforced
through socialisation.
- Females have an 'expensive role' in the family. This is
natural and based on their childbearing role but is
reinforced by socialisation
- Feminist
- Argue that gender identity is socially
constructed by patriarchal society. They
mean that male dominated society
creates and reinforces stereotypes of how
male and females should be.
- Not only family that contributes to the social
construction of gender. The other agencies of
socialisation may also reinforce stereotypical
expectations of gender roles
- Argue that gender identity is socially
constructed by patriarchal society. They
mean that male dominated society
creates and reinforces stereotypes of how
male and females should be.
- Hey (1997
- Studied friendship groups among
teenage girls and looked at the power
the female peer group has over girls behaviour.
- How the norms of the female peer group
are deeply rooted in patriarchy and
expectations of how girls should be
- Studied friendship groups among
teenage girls and looked at the power
the female peer group has over girls behaviour.
- Mead (1935)
- Studied was male and female
behaviour and gender role
expectations in different tribes.
These were very different from the
gender role expectations in the US
at the time.
- For example, the Arapesh
tribe, both males and females
were gentle and cooperative.
In contrast both genders in
the Mundugumor tribe were
violet and aggressive.
- Tchambuli (Chambri) where males
and females were different from
each other, but roles were almost
the opposite of those expected in
the US and the UK
- The women were dominant and aggressive
and not much involved in
childrearing,whereas the men were timid,
emotionally dependent and spent their time
decorating themselves. Aggressive men were
considered 'abormal'
- Studied was male and female
behaviour and gender role
expectations in different tribes.
These were very different from the
gender role expectations in the US
at the time.
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