43593
Description
Mind Map by jonnie_missin, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jonnie_missin
about 11 years ago
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Political Economy of Development
- Historical context - 1950s+60s
- 40 African countries gain
independence
- Shift in power to USA
- Cold War
- Cold War
- Cuban Revolution
- Coups + US intervention in
Latin America
- Guatemala
- El Salvador
- Ecuador
- Brazil
- Dominican Republic
- Guatemala
- 40 African countries gain
independence
- Development Paradigms
- Modernisatiion
- 'The process of social change
whereby LDCs acquire characteristics
common to MDCs' (Lerner)
- Development as an economic component
- Social + economic planning
- Development as an economic component
- Growth, public participation + access
- Perspectives
- Economic
- Sociological
- Psychological
- Political
- Anthropological
- Economic
- 'The process of social change
whereby LDCs acquire characteristics
common to MDCs' (Lerner)
- Rostow - Stages of
Economic Growth
- 1. Traditional society
- 2. Pre- take off stage
- 3. Take off stage
- 4. Drive to maturity
- 5. High mass consumption
- 1. Traditional society
- Structuralism (Prebisch-Singer)
- Development not linear
- Uneven development
- Uneven development
- Structural constraints
- Primary commodity specialisation
- Declining terms of trade
between primary + manufactured
products
- Internal division
- Urban (modern)
- Rural (traditional)
- Urban (modern)
- Primary commodity specialisation
- Solution to development
- Development =
industrialisation
- Import Substitution
Industrialisation
- State intervention
- Development =
industrialisation
- Development not linear
- Dependency: AG Frank
- ISI being questioned
- Baran + Sweezy
- Monopoly capitalism
- Monopoly capitalism
- Economic theory ignores history +
fails to take account of:
- Relations between the metropolis
+ economic colonies
- Structure + development
of capitalist system
- Simultaneous underdevelopment
+ economic development
- Relations between the metropolis
+ economic colonies
- 'Now developed countries never
underdeveloped... may have been
undeveloped'
- City/countryside analogies to imperial
metropole/satellite relations
- ISI being questioned
- Unequal exchange: Amin + Emmanuel
- Emphasis on production
- Wage rate in export sector low due to
economic, social + political conditions
- Wage rate in export sector low due to
economic, social + political conditions
- Export sector benefits from
cheap labour
- Advanced production forces in developed
ocuntries
- Backward in rest of world
- Advanced production forces in developed
ocuntries
- Rich countries
- High wage/low profit
- High wage/low profit
- Poor countries
- Low wage/high profit
- Low wage/high profit
- Equalisation of profit through trade + economic
transfer of surplus via unequal exchange
- Emphasis on production
- World Systems Theory
- 3 tiers
- Core
- Semi-periphery
- Periphery
- Core
- Strength of state key to transfer of surplus
- Movement between tiers of resources,
wealth + countries
- 3 tiers
- Dependent development: Cardoso
- Search for raw materials + labour
- Means of exporting/using profits
- Finance
- Loans, aid + state loan guarantees
- Indebtedness
- Indebtedness
- Loans, aid + state loan guarantees
- New markets in developing world
- Internal differentiation + participation
- Internal differentiation + participation
- Search for raw materials + labour
- After dependency
- Questioning of theories
- Problem not core countries but capitalism?
- Qs. about the role of govt
- Neo-liberal counter revolution
- Neo-liberal counter revolution
- Problem not core countries but capitalism?
- Development studies sought solutions
rather than revolutions
- Paradigms
- Participation
(Chambers)
- Basic needs
(Stewart)
- Post-development
(Escobar)
- Capabilities
(Sen)
- Participation
(Chambers)
- Questioning of theories
- Human development
- Development
- Expanding the capabilities + possibilities for people
to experience well-being
- Expanding the capabilities + possibilities for people
to experience well-being
- Income is means not an end
- Inequality matters
- Rejecting terms of debate in
devmnt. economics
- E.g. whether democracy is good for
devmnt.
- E.g. whether democracy is good for
devmnt.
- Formal rights not enough if
can't be exercised
- E.g. literacy may be needed to
vote
- E.g. literacy may be needed to
vote
- Free markets need to be
interrogated
- Inequality matters
- Operationalized in UN's HDI + MPI
- Development
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