A hole is punched into the ground by a heavy
cutting tool called a bit that is attached to a cable
and pulley system that extract the petroleum
Extraction and transportation
Extraction
development wells
Transportation
The transportation is made
immediately after extraction to keep
all their properties.
Process
Fractional Distillation
Fractional distillation differs from distillation only in that it
separates a mixture into a number of different parts,
called fractions.
Through fractioned distillation or
Cracking, a process in which larger
hydrocarbons are converted into smaller
ones, which are more useful.
Conversion processes
consist of a molecular breakdown and
becomes products more valuable:
gaseous hydrocarbons, mixtures of
materials for gasoline and diesel fuel.
During the process, some of the
molecules combine (polymerize) to
form larger molecules, they can be
performed, in general.
Treatment
The crude oil has a some impurities
like sulfur and nitrogen Using a
process called hydrotreating
impurities are removed to reduce air
pollution when our fuels are used,
because about the 80 percent of crude
oil is heavier in sulfur and nitrogen
The sulfur is converted to hydrogen sulfide
and sent to the Sulfur Unit where it is
converted into elemental sulfur.
Nitrogen is transformed into ammonia
which is removed from the process by
water-washing.
Formulation and mixing
The formulation and mixing is the process
of mixing and combining hydrocarbon
fractions, additives and other
components for finished products with
specific yield properties suitable process.
Others processes
Deasphalting.Distillation.
Solvent refining.
Acid treatment and clay. ETC.
is a complex mixture of organic
compounds known as “hydrocarbons”.
Most of them are either alkanes or
aromatic hydrocarbons.