Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons

Alkenes
3. Unsaturated - Double bond
  1. Can make addition reactions
    1. Addition
      1. Alkenes
      2. Polymer : -(CH2-CH2)- n
      3. Monomer : n(CH2=CH2)
4. General Formula - C(n)H(2n)
5. no Methene Ethene Propene Butene Pentene Hexene
6. Decolourises bromine water
7. Polyethene Polychloroethene Polypropene
  1. Bags & Bottles
  2. Fake Leather
  3. Crates & Ropes
  4. Polymerisation
    1. Condensation
      1. 2 monomers join
        release H2O or HCl
      2. 1,6 - diaminohexane hexanediomic acid
        NYLON
        made by - dicarboxylic acid + diamine
        creates Amide or Peptide link
        -(CO-NH)- +H2O
Carboxilic Acids
1. Ethanoic acid (Vinegar)
2. COOH
3. C(n-1)H(2n-1)COOH
Alcohols
1. Methanol Ethanol etc.
  1. Direct Hydration
    1. Steam & Ethene
    2. C2H4 + H2O --> C2H5OH
    3. - Phosphoric Acid - 300'C - 7atm pressure
  2. Fermentation
    1. 36'C - anaerobic
    2. Yeast & Glucose
    3. C6H12O6 --> 2(C2H5OH) + 2(CO2)
2. General Formula - C(n)H(2n+1)OH
3. 'OH'
Alkanes
1. Doesn't decolourise bromine water
2. Complete combustion = CO2 + H2O
3. Incomplete combustion = CO + H2O
4. Saturated - cannot make addition reactions
5. General Formula - C(n) H(2n+2)
6. Methane Ethane Propane Butane Pentane Hexane
Homologous Series
1. Same chemical properties Same functional group Same general formula Trend in physical properties Neighbouring members differ by CH2

Resource summary

	Created by Suzanna over 10 years ago