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Description
Mind Map by Josh Anderson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Josh Anderson
about 8 years ago
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Biology - B3 - AQA - GCSE - Movement of Molecules
- Diffusion
- The movement of molecules
from an area of high
concentration to an area of
low concentration down a
concentration gradient. This
does not require energy.
- Example - Carbon dioxide in
the air into the leaf. Higher
concentration in the air,
diffusion means that the
higher concentration of carbon
dioxide is taken into the leaf
for photosynthesis.
- Example - Oxygen in the air into the
lungs. Higher concentration in the air
(because it is transported around the
body), diffusion means that the
higher concentration of oxygen is
taken into the lungs to be passed
around the body in the bloodstream.
- The movement of molecules
from an area of high
concentration to an area of
low concentration down a
concentration gradient. This
does not require energy.
- Active transport
- The movement of molecules
from an area of low
concentration to an area of
high concentration against a
concentration gradient. This
requires energy.
- Because it is against the
concentration gradient,
it requires energy.
- A helpful way to remember this is a hill.
You need to use a lot of energy when
pushing against the hill to climb it.
- A helpful way to remember this is a hill.
You need to use a lot of energy when
pushing against the hill to climb it.
- Example - mineral ions in the soil
into the roots. Higher
concentration in the roots, active
transport means that the lower
concentration in the soil can be
absorbed through the roots.
Mitochondria are needed to get
the energy for the process.
- Example - Glucose in the small intestine.
Higher concentration in the bloodstream/villi,
active transport means that the lower
concentration in the small intestine can be
absorbed by the villi. Mitochondria are
needed to get the energy for the process.
- Having a greater surface area
means that there are more
places for collisions to occur.
- Because it is against the
concentration gradient,
it requires energy.
- The movement of molecules
from an area of low
concentration to an area of
high concentration against a
concentration gradient. This
requires energy.
- Osmosis
- The movement of water molecules from
an area of high water concentration to
an area of low water concentration
down a water concentration gradient.
This does not require energy. Occurs
across a partially permeable membrane.
- Because it is down the
concentration gradient, it
does not require energy.
- A helpful way to remember this is
a hill. You can roll down a steep
hill without using much energy.
- A helpful way to remember this is
a hill. You can roll down a steep
hill without using much energy.
- Example - water in the soil into the roots.
Higher water concentration in soil (because it is
immediately taken up the plant), osmosis
means that the higher water concentration in
the soil is absorbed through the roots. The
membrane is partially permeable.
- Example - red blood cell in pure water.
Higher water concentration in the pure
water, osmosis means that the higher water
concentration enters the red blood cell. Red
blood cell swells and bursts. Occurs across a
partially permeable membrane.
- Because it is down the
concentration gradient, it
does not require energy.
- The movement of water molecules from
an area of high water concentration to
an area of low water concentration
down a water concentration gradient.
This does not require energy. Occurs
across a partially permeable membrane.
- Default framework
- The movement of [?] from an
area of high/low concentration
to an area of low/high
concentration down/against a
concentration gradient. This
does (not) require energy.
(Partially permeable
membrane?)
- The movement of [?] from an
area of high/low concentration
to an area of low/high
concentration down/against a
concentration gradient. This
does (not) require energy.
(Partially permeable
membrane?)
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