periodontal disease

what is periodontal disease?
1. Inflammatory disease of periodontium
What is periodontium?
1. Group of tissues which support the teeth.
What is periodontology?
1. Study of healthy & diseased periodontium
What is plaque?
1. Houses stagnation areas
2. initial film only visible using disclosing agents
3. 70% micro-organisms & 30% inter bacterial substances.
  1. Proteins, carbohydrate cells, enzymes, toxins & acids
4. micro-organisms, saliva & oral debris create a sticky film over teeth. Gathers in Stagnation areas i.e. pits & fissures, gingival margin, restorations, Fixed appliances & overhangs
chronic
1. Acute
  1. Quick onset
    1. NUG, perio abscess & periodontitis
2. Long Duration
  1. chronic gingivitis & periodontitis
General health impact.
1. Immuno-compromised paitents are at higher risk due to their immune system not being able to control the bacteria which causes periodontitis.
Factors which INCREASE periodontal disease.
1. Pregnancy
2. Diabetes
3. HIV / AIDS
4. Leukemia
5. Vitamin deficencies
6. Drugs i.e anti-depressants
7. Smoking, Age & Stress
Factors of Plaque
1. Smoking
  1. Pregnancy
    1. Drug induced
      1. Blood disorder
  2. diabetes
Progression of Plaque
1. Organic Salivary Layer forms minutes within brushing. Stains lightly with disclosing agents. Bacteria only attaches after 3-8 hours and is non pathogenic/gram positive.
  1. Clinical detectable layer of plaque forms . After 24 hours flora become complex & gram negative/pathogens are detected.
    1. Organisms increase & pathogen/gram positive presence is greater. Pathogens release a toxin which irritates soft tissues.
      1. Final phase of plaque maturation before calculus formation . Decrease in % of gram positive cocci/rods.
        7 Days
      2. 3 Days
    2. 24 Hours
  2. Pellicle

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periodontal disease

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	Created by laurenberryyy about 8 years ago