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B: The use of digital technology in
designing and manufacturing
proscese's pretty much done
- CAD/M
- CAD stands for
computer animated
design or
manafacture.
- CAD examples omputer, Graphics tablet,
scanner (flat and 3d) internet access,
2D/3D software
- CAM Examples CNC lathe miler, router, computerised
embroidery, laser cutter, 3d printer plotter/cutter,
vinyl cutter
- CAD stands for
computer animated
design or
manafacture.
- testing, modelling
and rapid
prototyping
- testing
- computers can be used to test the feasability of design
ideas using a range of softwares this can be used to
predict the effect of loading and identify weaknesses.
- CAA softwares can be used to analyse the effect or external factors
such as vibration, or extreme temperetures. the program can
predict outcomes and suggest possible improvements or
modifications
- fluid dynamic system software is used in the
design of vehicles. analysing the effects of air
flow. it can also be used in architecture for air
conditioning.
- computer simulations can be useful for real life situations
where it is too dangerous to follow through, too much effort to
complete or too expensive. however, incorrect settings could
lead to great damage and expense for machines.
- computers can be used in 2D and 3D modeelling for ideas.
images can be rotated, zoomed and shown in an infinite
amount of colours and textures. this can be done with ease.
- computers can be used to test the feasability of design
ideas using a range of softwares this can be used to
predict the effect of loading and identify weaknesses.
- prototyping
- several systems are available that
translate 3D designs into solid
physical forms. this can be done in
multiple ways.
- laminated object manafacturing. this is one of the ealiest
systems available buiding up layers of adheisive coated
matrial. this can be time consuming resulting in the finall
product having a rough texture that may need sanding
down.
- Stereo Lithography-a laser traces a shape
of a layer onto a bath of liquid resin. this
cures the resin. the platform is lowered
and another layer is traced. the whole
object is created. it usually has a
thickness of 0.1 mm
- Stereo Lithography-a laser traces a shape
of a layer onto a bath of liquid resin. this
cures the resin. the platform is lowered
and another layer is traced. the whole
object is created. it usually has a
thickness of 0.1 mm
- several systems are available that
translate 3D designs into solid
physical forms. this can be done in
multiple ways.
- testing
- Stock control,
monitering and
purchasing
logistics.
- materials and components- these are bought
in from the suppliers to be used in the
manufacture of products
- work in progress- incomplete
products currently being
manafactured
- finished product- assembled
products of desired standards ready
for distribution
- production flow usually enables
production to flow without costly
hold ups.
- electronic data interchange
- EDI is a way in which information can be
exchanged between computers within a company.
used greatly in stock control.
- EDI is a way in which information can be
exchanged between computers within a company.
used greatly in stock control.
- Pros and cons
- pros
- lower costs
- improve efficiency
- Cater for flunctuating
levels of demand
- no manual checks needed
- no manual checks needed
- lower costs
- cons
- initial cost set up or training
- sometimes only one
person can operate the
system
- possibility of manual input error
- software or virus attack,
computer breakdown can be
costly
- initial cost set up or training
- data can be easily stored
- pros
- materials and components- these are bought
in from the suppliers to be used in the
manufacture of products
- High volume
production and
automation
- factory plants CIM ( computer integrated
manufacture) is used by automated
factory .
- the planning process is used to make
maximum use of resources and ensure a
rapid and consistent flow with no
mistakes..
- CNC machines are also used for a wide range of
operations including cutting, stamping,
embroidering cropping welding forging, assembly
making and packaging
- . the use of systems that use visual measurement and
weight sensors are used for inspection.
- . the use of systems that use visual measurement and
weight sensors are used for inspection.
- CNC machines are also used for a wide range of
operations including cutting, stamping,
embroidering cropping welding forging, assembly
making and packaging
- the planning process is used to make
maximum use of resources and ensure a
rapid and consistent flow with no
mistakes..
- pros and cons
- pros
- low labor cost
- low product cost through
economies of scale
- No production loss
through disoutes
- consistent quality
- efficient stock control
systems enables JIT
- system checks and
modifications easy to carry
out
- low labor cost
- cons
- Expensive initial layout
- System break down is costly
- protocols of all systems
may not communicate
- Require some flexibility in
processing to enable
manufacture of different
products
- Expensive initial layout
- pros
- factory plants CIM ( computer integrated
manufacture) is used by automated
factory .
- product designers over the years have adapted and embraced the developing
technologies and changing and changing methods of comunication and
design. inthe last 40 years there has been a dramatic interesting the
availability for the use of digital systems and technology
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