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Hypertension

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Mind Map on Hypertension, created by melissaschaub on 07/02/2014.
melissaschaub
Mind Map by melissaschaub, updated more than 1 year ago
melissaschaub
Created by melissaschaub about 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Hypertension
  1. Epidemiology
    1. Increase peripheral resistance
      1. Arteriolar Vasoconstriction
      2. Increase Blood Volume
        1. Most common diagnosis in the US
          1. Primary
            1. Genetics
              1. Environmental
                1. Neruohumoral
                  1. SNS
                    1. RAAS
                      1. Natriuretic Peptides
                        1. Inflammation
                      2. Secondary
                        1. Result of another disease
                          1. Renal
                            1. Parenchymal
                              1. Tumors
                                1. Adrenocortical
                                  1. Adrenomedullary
                                2. Medications
                                  1. Oral contraceptives
                                    1. Corticosteroids
                                      1. Antihistamines
                                    2. Complicated
                                      1. Chronic
                                    3. Pathophysiology
                                      1. Urologic System
                                        1. Increases RAAS
                                          1. Increases Angiotensin II
                                            1. Endothelial Dysfunction
                                              1. Na retention
                                                1. H2O retention
                                                  1. Hyperuricemia
                                                    1. Glomerular remodeling
                                                      1. Nephrosclerosis
                                                        1. Autonomic dysregulation
                                                        2. Nervous System
                                                          1. Vascular remodeling
                                                            1. Inflammation
                                                              1. Oxidative Stress
                                                                1. Baroreflex dysfunction
                                                                  1. Atherosclerotic plaque
                                                                    1. Liphyalinosis
                                                                      1. Vascular Stiffening
                                                                        1. STROKE
                                                                      2. Risk Factors
                                                                        1. ≥ 60 years old
                                                                          1. Blacks
                                                                            1. Diabetic
                                                                              1. Family History
                                                                                1. Smoking
                                                                                  1. Obesity
                                                                                    1. Heavy ETOH
                                                                                      1. High: Na low: K, Ca, Mg
                                                                                      2. Clinical Presentation
                                                                                        1. Asymptomatic
                                                                                          1. Complications to damaged organs
                                                                                            1. Heart disease
                                                                                              1. Renal insufficiency
                                                                                                1. CNS dysfunction
                                                                                                  1. Impaired vision
                                                                                                    1. Impaired mobility
                                                                                                      1. Vascular occlusion
                                                                                                        1. Edema
                                                                                                      2. Diagnose
                                                                                                        1. SBP ≥ 140mg Hg DBP ≥90mm Hg
                                                                                                          1. Elevated pressures x2
                                                                                                            1. CBC
                                                                                                              1. ECG
                                                                                                                1. History
                                                                                                                  1. Physical
                                                                                                                    1. 24-hr BP monitor
                                                                                                                      1. Biochemical blood profile
                                                                                                                      2. Treat
                                                                                                                        1. Lifestyle modifications
                                                                                                                          1. Weight loss
                                                                                                                            1. Exercise
                                                                                                                              1. Smoking cessation
                                                                                                                                1. Dietary modifications
                                                                                                                                2. Medication
                                                                                                                                  1. Diuretics
                                                                                                                                    1. ACE inhibitor
                                                                                                                                      1. ARB
                                                                                                                                        1. Ca channel blocker
                                                                                                                                          1. Aldosterone antagonist
                                                                                                                                            1. Beta-blockers
                                                                                                                                            2. Monitor

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