650934
Description
Mind Map by Ellen Laidlaw, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ellen Laidlaw
about 10 years ago
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Coasts Case Studies
- Sea Level Rise
- East Anglia
- Settlements like Kings Lynn and Happisburgh
will flood destroying homes & businesses
- Norfolk Broads, a popular
tourist destination bringing
in £5 million a year will flood.
- The Fens - quality agricultural
land will be flooded.
- Low-lying salt marshes in
Essex, habitat to many wildlife
will be lost due to floods.
- Thames Barrier protects buildings in London worth
over £80 billion - will need improving, expensive.
- Storm Surge killing 300
people in the 1950's,
increased fear it might
happen again.
- Settlements like Kings Lynn and Happisburgh
will flood destroying homes & businesses
- Cliff Collapse
- Barton on
Sea
- Why it's Collapsing?
- Soft rock on top of
hard rock, slumping.
- A stream flows in to the
rock - increasing weight.
- Buildings along the
coast increase weight
- Coastal Configuration -
faces South-westerly winds
(Strong Fetch)
- The rock is weak sands
and clay - easily eroded.
- Soft rock on top of
hard rock, slumping.
- Effects of Collapse
- Homes of 20 000
residents will begin
to fall in 20yrs.
- Golf Course will be lost in
around 10 - 20 yrs.
- Roads like Grave Road will be
lost to the sea, disrupting access
to and from the town.
- Valuable agricultural land will be
lost & habitats for wildlife.
- Beach will be completely
eroded - lack of tourism.
- Homes of 20 000
residents will begin
to fall in 20yrs.
- Why it's Collapsing?
- Coastal Management
- Minehead
- Problems
- 1990's flooding
- Beach erosion - stopping tourism.
- 1990's flooding
- Management
- 0.6 metres curved sea-wall to reflect wave power.
- Rock Groynes to prevent
longshore drift.
- Rock Armour to reduce impact
of wave before sea-wall.
- Beach Replenishment,
built up beach by 2
metres.
- 0.6 metres curved sea-wall to reflect wave power.
- Results
- Saved an estimated
£8.7 million. Cost was
£12.3 million but costs
to infrastructure from
flooding that would
occur without the
defences would've
been around £20
million.
- Effectively
slows erosion
of beach and
reduces
flooding.
- Protects tourist
site of Butlins.
- Saved an estimated
£8.7 million. Cost was
£12.3 million but costs
to infrastructure from
flooding that would
occur without the
defences would've
been around £20
million.
- Problems
- Coastal Habitat
- Keyhaven Marshes
- Habitats & Species
- Cord Grass - long
rooted, lives in salt
water.
- Sea Lavender -
flowering plant that
lives in salt water.
- Wold Spider -
lives underwater,
feeds in low tide.
- Ringed Plover
- Feeds in the
salt marshes
- Oyster
Catcher -
lives and
feeds in
salt
marshes.
- Cord Grass - long
rooted, lives in salt
water.
- Management for Protection
- Rock armour and beach replenishment on the
spit to reduce erosion and reduce impact of
waves on marshes. £5 million spent in total.
- Became an SSSI to reduce human impact and protect marshes biodiversity.
- Rock armour and beach replenishment on the
spit to reduce erosion and reduce impact of
waves on marshes. £5 million spent in total.
- Issues
- Salt Marsh Retreat. This is due
to Hurst Castle Spit becoming
starved of sand (Groyne
construction downstream) This
spit shelters the marshes.
Marshes losing 6 metres every
year as a result of being trapped
between waves and a sea wall.
- Storm surges
washing away 60 -
80 metres of marsh.
- Tourism eroding it further - trampling/boating.
- Salt Marsh Retreat. This is due
to Hurst Castle Spit becoming
starved of sand (Groyne
construction downstream) This
spit shelters the marshes.
Marshes losing 6 metres every
year as a result of being trapped
between waves and a sea wall.
- Characteristics
- Tidal mudflats, Low Marsh,
High Marsh and Marsh Upland
- Change and become more
plants and animals as you
progress away from marshes
- Tidal mudflats, Low Marsh,
High Marsh and Marsh Upland
- Habitats & Species
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