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66819
The Post Stalin Thaw and the Bid for Peaceful co-existence
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Mind Map on The Post Stalin Thaw and the Bid for Peaceful co-existence, created by cherbrad on 02/05/2013.
Mind Map by
cherbrad
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cherbrad
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The Post Stalin Thaw and the Bid for Peaceful co-existence
The Cold War & the USSR after Stalin
Stalin died March 1953
Destalinistation begun by Soviet leadership 1953, of moving away from Stalin's policies by:
ending personality cult politics
Reforming Secret Police = KGB
Arresting & Executing Beria - though he would become Stalin's hardline successor
New Course in economic policy - placed greater emphasis on production of consumer goods.
Collective leadership from 1953-1955
Malenkov, Molotov, Bulganin & Khrushchev to prevent period of one man rule
Khrushchev's secret speech 1956
Denounced Stalin's reign of terror.
USA saw it a sign of change in USSR
Expectation of change for people of Soveit satellites
Potential to affect Soviet FP & dev. of Cold War
Khrushchev
Committed communist, persued competitive ideological and military policies. Contradictory. Believed in peaceful co-existence - but antagonistic.
Faith in superiority of Communism hence unwilling to back down in dealings with USA
Soviet Motives for, and moves towards, peaceful co-existence.
Peaceful solutions between Socialist/Capitalist possible
New Course policies focused on Peaceful co-existence
Adopted because
Believed capitalism would eventually fall
Confident USSR economy would overtake West.
Greater sense of security because areas of influenced recogised
Fear of Nuclear War -with peaceful co-existence or most destructive was in history, no third way
Key Measures
End of war in Korea July 53
Cuts in red Army from 5.8m to 3.7m also to save on spending
Austrian State Treaty 1955 - removed all foreign troops from Austria provided they stayed neutral
Soviet Withdrawal from Finland 1956
Border disputes with other countries such as Turkey and Iran settled
Internal Threats to the Soviet System: East Germany, Poland and Hungary
Hungary 1956
Protesters called for Multiparty democracy, a free press, Hungary's withdrawal from Warsaw Pact
Nagy agreed but USSR saw this as act of revolt sent in Red Army Nov 1956
By 11 Nov revolt crushed by SU and imposed one party govt.
Received no help from the West
Berlin Rising 1953
Enter text here
Poland 1956
Large demonstrations in Poland
Khrushchev tried to force Polish leader to back down but saw strength of feeling and backed down
some economic reforms permitted on condition Poland remained committed to Warsaw Pact
Eisenhower and Dulles, and the "New Look' policy
The 'Geneva Spirit' and conference diplomacy 1954-61
End of the thaw: the U-2 incident and the impact of the Berlin Crisis
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