Reactions of acids

Reactions of acids

1. Indicators

   • Universal Indicator
     • Strong Alkalis
     • Neutral
     • Strong Acids
     • Inbetween
     • Inbetween
   • Litmus
     • Alkalis
     • Acids
     • Neutral

2. Neutralizing Acids

   • You must use an alkali of the same strength

3. pH

   • Power of Hydrogen
   • 1-6 = Acids
   • 8-14 = alkalis
   • 7= neutral
   • 1= very strong acid
   • 14 = very strong alkali
   • Real life examples
     • 12.5 = bleach
     • 2.4 = lemon juice
     • Pure water = 7
     • skin= 5.5
     • soap = 9-10

4. Equations for the reactions of acids

   • Acid + Metal oxide --> Salt + Water
   • Acid + metal hydroxide --> Salt + water
   • Metal + acid --> salt + hydrogen
   • Acid + Metal carbonate --> Salt + water + Carbon Dioxide
   • Acid + Alkali --> Salt + water
   • Acid + Metal Hydrogen Carbonate --> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

5. Making Salts

   • Naming Salts
     • The name of a salt has two parts
       • The first part comes from the metal in the base used
       • The second part comes from the acid that was used
     • e.g Write a word equation for copper sulphate
       • Copper oxide + Sulphuric acid --> Copper sulphate + Water
       • Copper carbonate + sulphuric acid --> Copper sulphate + water + carbon dioxide