Particle Model: solids, liquids and gases

Random movement of particles is called Brownian motion
1. Random movement of particles. We call this diffusion
2. Movement of particles produces a pushing force or pressure on a surface.
1. All matter is made up of particles
1. 2. The particles can be of different sizes.
  1. 3. The particles move around by themselves in a random way.
    1. 4. The particles attract each other
      1. 5. The hotter the substance the faster the particles move.
        Some scientists call this model the kinetic theory.
We often describe matter or materials as substances
Substances can be sorted into three groups: solids, liquids and gases. These three groups are called the three states of matter.
1. Solids don't flow because the forces between the particles are strong. Gases and liquids flow because the forces between particles are much weaker
2. Expansion means geting bigger. Solids expand slighty; liquids expand more and gases expand a great deal. During expansion the particles move further apart. The particles don't get bigger.
3. Solids and liquids are difficult to compresses, but gases compress easily. This is because gases have large gaps between the particles.
  1. In a gas, there is little attraction between the particles so they move freely. the particles are far apart and moving very fast.
  2. In liquids, the particles are still attracted to each other but they move faster. They swap places with each other. There is a little more space between the particles.
  3. In solids, strong forces hold the particles together so they vibrate, but do not not change places. there is little space between the particles.

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Particle Model: solids, liquids and gases

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	Created by elizabeth7300 almost 11 years ago