Crude Oil and Fuels C1.4 - created from Mind Map

Fuels From Crude Oil Crude Oil Hydrocarbons Dark + Smelly Mixture of different chemical compunds Fractions Mixture Not chemically joined Groups of alkanes with similar boiling points CNH2N+2 Methane Ethane Propane Butane Alkanes CH4 C2H6 C3H8 C4H10 Saturated Hydrocarbons Only Single Bonds

Compounds In Crude Oil Short Chain Alkanes Long Chain Alkanes Low Boiling Point Very Volatile Low viscosity (runny) Very Flammable High Boiling Point Not very volatile High viscosity (thick) Not very flammable

Fractional Distillation In a fractionating column Crude Oil is put in Gases condense Hotter at the bottom Cooler at the top Separated into fractions As a gas After being vaporised Certain part of the column Cooler than boiling point

Combustion Of Alkanes Carbon and hydrogen Impurities Lack of oxygen Particulates In an engine Produces: CO2 + H2O CO2 Global Warming Oxidised completely Oxidised Adding oxygen in reaction Where oxides are formed Incomplete combustion Carbon Monoxide Affects the amount of water blood can carry Dangerous Nitrogen and Oxygen High temperatures Nitrous oxides Poisonous

Cleaner Fuels Burning Fuels Catalytic Converter Filters Particulates Global Dimming Reflecting Sunlight Reduces carbon monoxide nitrogen oxide Remove particulates

Alternative FuelsBiofuels

Crude Oil and Fuels C1.4