Introduction

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DIGITAL IMAGE

What is an digital Image?

An digital image is made up of discrete pixels.

A pixel (i.e. a picture element) is a discrete point (x, y) described by the function f(x, y) which output the value of intensity or gray level at that point.

Range of digital images:

It encompasses wide range of EM spectrum from radio to gamma waves.

It can include ultra-sound, electron microscopy, and computer-generated images.

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IMAGE PROCESSING

Fields in Digital Image:

Image Processing

Image Analysis

Computer Vision

Continuum In The Three Fields:

Image processing is mostly distinct from others by the definition that input and output are both images or output is a part of the image (like a region of image).

Image Analysis is a relatively low level field which involves operations such as image preprocessing to reduce noise etc.

Whereas, Computer Vision is the field where a portion of the image or the image is recognized objects. (slightly high level)

All three fields can be thought in a continuum. For e.g. Text Processing in Images.