Causes of the Cold War: Grand Alliance, Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam

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the grand alliance the members of the grand alliance were America and Ussr

its aim was to defeat the Nazis and was created in 1941

it was like a marriage between capitalists and communists and the only united in their opposition to Hitler

Hitler has been defeated and the alliance become uneasy

between 1943 and 1945 the leaders had 3 international conferences called " Tehran, Yalta ad Potsdam"

each of the leaders wanted to know that countries fell out the "sphere of influence" and countries did not

none of the documents which were properly laid out of these spheres

it was clear that there was broad agreement over what these were, the USSR influenced Poland, Czechoslovakia, the Baltic states, Hungary and Romania. this would build a line of buffer states between the USSR and the west

Stalin agreed this could be "influenced" only with these states having free elections and level of democracy ( was built into the Yalta document)

the USSR also wanted to influence Yugoslavia which had its own communist government and it was accepted a communist country in Yalta

Britain and USA were keen to get the USSR to accept their influence in western Europe, Greece and Italy

the Tehran conference

the Tehran conference The Tehran Conference (codenamed Eureka[1]) was a strategy meeting held between Joseph Stalin. Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill from 28th of November to 1st of December 1943

It was held in the Soviet Embassy in Tehran, Iran and was the first of the World War II conferences held between all of the "Big Three"Allied leaders (the Soviet Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom).

The conference also addressed relations between the Allies and Turkey and Iran, operations in Yugoslavia and against Japan as well as the envisaged post-war settlement. A separate protocol signed at the conference pledged the Big Three's recognition of Iran's independence

Trumann doctrine

The Truman Doctrine was an international relations policy set forth by the U.S. President Harry Truman in a speech[1] on March 12, 1947, which stated that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent them from joining the Soviet sphere

Historians often consider it as the start of the Cold War, and the start of the containment policy to stop Soviet expansion.[3] Truman pledged the US to contain in Europe and elsewhere and impelled the US to support any nation with both military and economic aid if its stability was threatened by communism or the Soviet Union.

Truman reasoned, because these "totalitarian regimes" coerced "free peoples", they represented a threat to international peace and the national security of the United States. Truman made the plea amid the crisis of the Greek Civil War (1946–1949). He argued that if Greece and Turkey did not receive the aid that they urgently needed, they would inevitably fall to communism with grave consequences throughout the region. Because Turkey and Greece were historic rivals, it was necessary to help both equally, even though the threat to Greece was more immediate.

Truman asked the American military to asses the strength of the USSR's army. he learned that the USSR was in no position to wage a war.

the world had a choice between communists tyranny and democratic freedom.

American has a responsibility to fight for liberty wherever it was threatened

America would send troops and economic resources to help governments that were threatened by communists.

communism should not be allowed to grow and gain territory

The berlin blockade

in order to prevent the establishment of a separate state in western Germany, Stalin set up a military blockade around west berlin in June 1948. his plan was to cur western Germany off from its capital so that the new government, based in Germany.

allied planes transported supplies to west berlin around the clock. initially America committed 70 large cargo planes and airlifted between 600.700 tonnes of food and supplies within a couple of weeks.

satellite states

a satellite state is a country that is officially independent, but it in reality controlled by another country. between 1947 and 1949, the USSR extended its influence over eastern Europe.

Stalin described the marshal plan as dollar imperialism he believed that the Americans were trying to buy influence over Europe, as any country that accepted marshall aid would effectively become an American ally. to prevent this Stalin extended his control over eastern Europe, creating a series of satellite states.

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