Hypetension

1. 1Mean Arterial Blood pressure =

   1. ACardiac Output x Total Peripheral Resistance
   2. BCardiac Output / Total Peripheral Resistance
   3. CCardiac output x (Arteriole Pressure/ Venule Pressure)
   4. DTotal Peripheral Resistance/ Cardiac Output
2. 2Which of the following factors increase TPR? (3)

   1. ALow nitric oxide
   2. BHigh nitric oxide
   3. CMuscle hypertrophy/ rigidity
   4. DLow EDRF
3. 3High endothelium derived relaxing factor causes an increase in mean bp

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
4. 4Reducing Na alone by 3g per day is enough to reduce hypertension by 5 mmHg

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
5. 5The cause of essential hypertension is not known. Which of the following is NOT a potential cause:

   1. AKidney fluid volume retention
   2. BCardiac dysfunction - (associated with catecholamines)
   3. CAge
   4. DPheochromocytomas
6. 6Predispositions for essential hypertension are known. These include excess (a) in the diet, obesity and deficiency of vitamin (b).

   1. Aa) Salt (NaCl)
      b) D
   2. Ba)Na+ only
      b) D
   3. Ca) Salt
      b) C
   4. Da) Cl- ions
      b) D
7. 7Polymorphisms known to increase blood pressure include gain of function mutations to (Choose 2)

   1. AAngiotensinogen
   2. BENaC (e.g. in Liddle's syndrome)
   3. CNKCC1
   4. DAQP2
8. 8Which of the following is NOT a cause of Secondary Hypertension

   1. APheochromocytomas
   2. BRenal Disease
   3. CRenal Artery Stenosis
   4. DRenal Artery Dilation
9. 9Pheochromocytomas is a tumour of the (a), this leads to an increase in (b), which causes a rise in (c) raising blood pressure.

   1. Aa) adrenal medulla
      b) chromaffin
      c) adrenaline
   2. Ba) adrenal cortex
      b) chromaffin
      c) adrenaline
   3. Ca) adrenal medulla
      b) adrenaline
      c) chromaffin
   4. Da) adrenal cortex
      b) adrenaline
      c) chromaffin
10. 10In renal artery stenosis, the kidney is confused by the (a) in blood flow causing it to assume (b).
    This leads to the (c) of blood pressure by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis.

    1. Aa) decreased
       b) low blood pressure
       c) increase
    2. Ba) increased
       b) high blood pressure
       c) decrease
    3. Ca) decreased
       b) high blood pressure
       c) increase
    4. Da) decreased
       b) low blood pressure
       c) decrease

11. 11Which of these is ARE a consequences of hypertension (3)

    1. AHypertensive retinopathy
    2. BPallor (Pale Skin)
    3. CAneurysm
    4. DMyocardial infarction / Stroke
    5. EClearer vision (in the impaired)
12. 12Treatments for hypertension include lifestyle changes (diet, exercise etc.); diuretics such as thiazide which decreases Na+ reuptake; and sympatholytics

    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso
13. 13Beta Blockers such as propranolol decrease heart contractions. This helps reduce hypertension.

    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso
14. 14Alpha blockers such as clonidine and prazosin increase CNS sympathetic output to the heart and hence TPR to reduce hypertension.

    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso
15. 15(X) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (called (Y) are also used in the treatment of hypertension.

    1. AX- ACE
       Y- Sartan
    2. BX- ACE
       Y- Dartan
    3. CX- Angiotensin
       Y- Sartan

Descrição

Quiz sobre Hypetension, criado por DanielHarrison em 03-01-2015.

Autor

DanielHarrison

Idioma

English

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Criado em 3 jan 2015 · atualizado em 19 fev 2016

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