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Properties of waves: amplitude, wavelength, frequency
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- 1Waves Waves are one of the ways in which energy may be transferred between stores. Waves can be described as oscillations, or vibrations about a rest position. For example: Sound waves cause air particles to vibrate back and forth Ripples cause water particles to vibrate up and downThe direction of these oscillations is the difference between longitudinal or transverse waves. In longitudinal waves, the vibrations are parallel to the direction of wave travel. In transverse waves, the vibrations are at right angles to the direction of wave travel. Mechanical waves cause oscillations of particles in a solid, liquid or gas and must have a medium to travel through. Electromagnetic waves cause oscillations in electrical and magnetic fields.
All waves transfer energy but they do not transfer matter. - 2Parts of a wave Waves are described using the following terms: rest position - the undisturbed position of particles or fields when they are not vibrating displacement - the distance that a certain point in the medium has moved from its rest position peak - the highest point above the rest position trough - the lowest point below the rest position amplitude - the maximum displacement of a point of a wave from its rest position wavelength - distance covered by a full cycle of the wave, usually measured from peak to peak, or trough to trough time period - the time taken for a full cycle of the wave, usually measured from peak to peak, or trough to trough frequency - the number of waves passing a point each second
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