Flashcards
Untitled
Flashcards do conjunto (8)
- 1What are autobiographical memories?Memories about ourselves- life events and personal knowledge.
Take effort to recall and maintain.
Can be difficult to suppress (PTSD)
Key form of cognition-Highly complex process with diff parts of brain interacting. - 2What is the working self and how does it function in autobiographical memory?It's a hierarchy of current goals and self conceptions- this shapes what experiences are encoded and how memories are constructed. It helps reconstruct memories correctly, suppress irrelevant memories and make sure memories recalled are relevant to the current goal (Conway and Pleydell-Pearce)
- 3How does the working self develop over lifetime?Emerges at around age 2 as infant starts to develop objective/subjective self awareness- sense of 'I' and 'me'.
Working self and autobiographical memory changes through childhood and possibly only stabilises and becomes enduring in late adolescence (Erikson and Erikson) - 4What is lifespan retrieval curve?Observed in adults over 35-reflects periods of self development.
Can be plotted on a graph in terms of age at encoding.
3 components- childhood amnesia, reminiscence bump and period of recency. - 5What is childhood amnesia?(Age 0-5 years) Child has detailed autobiographical memories but they can't be recalled in adulthood.
Causes- unclear but may be due to changes in goal hierarchy of working self at this time.
Freud said children have poor emotional control- memories might destabilise adult self! - 6What is the reminiscence bump?(Age 10-30y)
A period of increased memories which are more easily accessible and accurate.
Causes- Unclear- 2 hypotheses
1,Novelty (Rubin et al)-It's a period of rapid change and novel experiences so leads to better encoding and easier retrieval.
2, Enduring relation to self (Conway and Pleydell-Pearce)-memories may help form identity (defining and constructing a stable self)this makes them very vivid and enduring. - 7What is the period of recency?(Memory declines from present to rem. bump period)
Can recall recent memories but some more distant ones decay.
Why?
Might not be forgetting but access bias-as memories become less relevant to current goal they are attenuated but not forgotten- some can be retrieved by direct retrieval. If not accessed some memories will be forgotten. - 8What two types of autobiographical knowledge might be found in autobiographical memory?General events and lifetime periods
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- FlashCards sobre Untitled, criado por Mel J White em 04-07-2013.
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- Mel J White
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