Flashcards
2240 test 1
Flashcards do conjunto (51)
- 1what does this course followgenealogy
- 23 spheres of the great transformation1. cultural
2. political
3. economic - 3pre-modern explanations1. religious
2. common sense
3. philosophical - 4the enlightenment1689-1789
- began in western Europe
- took away power from the church
- started establishing truth on science and logic
-criticized faith
- established science - 5the industrial revolution1760-1840
- began in england
- mass migration to urban centres
- replaced feudalism with capitalism
- established that society is man made - 6french revolution1798
- revolt against the monarchy
- struggle for democracy and equality
- established democracy - 7Karl marx- 1818 born in Prussia germany
- studied philosophy
- most influential sociologist because his work lead to revolutions
- capitalism - 8Karl marx 2 dispossessions1. primitive accumulation: process by which peasants and nomadic groups were dispossessed of their means of survival
2. indenturing the artisans': production changes and emphasis was put on speed and quality - 9what was capitalism based onillusory freedom
- "for this or that boss"
- being free to use their labour as they please - 10marx's diagnosis: four ways workers suffer1. exploitation: caring about wages
2. alienation: distance between worker and 4 things
3. immiseration: misery
4. fetishism: object separated from producer - 114 way of alienation according to Marx1. product of their labour
2. other people
3. activity of their labour
4. their own human nature - 12marx's death on combination involves ...1. objective factor: system destroys itself
2. subjective factor: system is destroyed by workers - 13what will replace capitalism according to marxsocialism: a form of political economy in which public ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange is central
- 14if you work all day and the thing does not belong to you this is a form of ....alienation
- 15coming from work with a headache is a form of ....immiseration
- 16only buying nike to fit in is....commodity fetishism
- 17marx main critique of philosophy isone cannot understand the world by beginning with ideas
- 18kinds of society- slavery
- feudalism
- capitalism
- socialism
- communism - 19according to marx what makes us humanour innate ability to consciously and creatively labour together and to produce collective means
- 20according to philosophers what makes us humanour innate ability to reason and be self-reflexive
- 21when a sociologist lives in, it is callednephrology
- 22who is emile durkheim-born in france 1858
-died in 1917
- hes called a founder of sociology
- one of the first sociologists in france - 23durkheims 4 core features of society1. division of labour
2. solidary
3. regulation
4. collective consciousness - 24source of pathology is _______imbalance, every society needs a balance between integration and regulation
- 25durkheims 3 pathologies1. anomic and forced individualism: lack of integration
2. egoistic individualism: lack of integration
3. anomie: lack of regulation - 264 types of suicide1. egoistic (too little integration)
2. altruistic (too much integration)
3. anomic (too little regulation)
4. fatalistic (too much regulation) - 27what is moral individualismwe need to replace the "bad" kind of individualism(egoistic) with the "good" kind
encourages social relations based on mutual respect for each individual - 28what is moral educationcivic education that shapes ideas, beliefs and freedoms making good citizens
- 29what is a good citizen according to durkheimsomeone who has a sense of justice and dignity
can reason autonomously - 303 topics in social fact test1. externality
2. constraint/compelling influence
3. generality - 31weber is whatan idealist: concerned with the ideas that influence society across history
- 32Webers main preoccupation was whatrationalization: the general pattern of thinking that involves the replacement of traditions, values, and emotions as motivators for our behaviour with rationality and reason
- 33benefits of rationalization and bureaucracies1. democratizing effect: replace inherited privileges with merit-based appointments
2. rational problem solving: top-down decisions that influence members of society should be based on level headed rationality - 34why cant science do the job of religion1. science cant tell you how to live
2. no large scale change in social organization will be possible
3. science involves specialization and fragmentation - 35webers pessimistic prognosis1. capitalism: oriented rationality
2. no large scale change in social organization
3. small scale changes in individual lifestyle will be possible - 36webers 3 forms of authority1. traditional
2. charismatic
3. rational legal - 37social action occurs when1. individuals attach a subjective meaning to their behaviour
2. behaviour is oriented to others' behaviours - 38forms of social action-affective
-traditional
-instrumental rational
-value rational - 39who is sigmund freud-jewish family
- died in exile in 1939
- studied medicine in Vienna
- studied psychiatry in paris - 40freuds theory of psychour personality develops out of a battle between three components of our psyche
ID: the devil
SUPEREGO: the angel
EGO: balancing force - 41three sources of suffering1. the body
2. the natural world
3. civilization and society - 42instinctive drives of the IDLibidinal/life drive
aggression/death drive - 43how we minimize suffering-intoxicate
-retreat
-fantisize
-sublimate
-transform - 44marx was a _________materialist
- 45freuds remedy to suffering is__________psychoanalysis, which helps us to be aware of the tension going on within our psych and the reasons for the tension
- 46marx argued that every single society has a ________________mode of production
- 47___________ is dominant ideas that help legitimate a dominant political powerideology
- 48the sum total of social relationships that people must enter in order to survive and producerelations of production
- 49___________ seeks to maintain the cohesion of society by punishing all dissenting behaviourpunitive relation
- 50solitary based on homogeneitymechanical solidary
- 51—
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- Criminology FlashCards sobre 2240 test 1 , criado por Taylor Cox em 07-11-2018.
- Criado por
- Taylor Cox · nov 2018
- Atualizado
- 7 nov 2018
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