Flashcards
Machine code
Flashcards do conjunto (15)
- 1First Programmable ComputerColossus created to crack German encryption.
Simple instructions fed to it with punched tape.
Could perform simple tasks way faster than a human. - 2Machine CodeColossus used tape with holes to represent 0 and solid to represent 1
5 bit values were fed through the computer at up to 2000 characters per second - 3Programming of ColossusColossus wasn’t “programmable” by today’s standards, although it could change its function.
Changing it’s operating instruction required manual reconfiguration of its electronics. - 4First Programmable computerENIAC was completed in 1946
Programmed by setting switches to on or off - 5Tape programmable computerThe Harvard Mark 1 used punch tape for both program and data.
A bit pattern represents each different instruction
These were fed through the computer at the same time as the data - 6Machine codeThe basic principals of machine code have not changed.A bit pattern to represent an instruction and a bit pattern to represent a value are still fed to the CPU
Electronic memory has replaced punch tape - 7OpcodeThe actual instruction you want to run
- 8OperandThe memory location or data itself
- 9Opcodes and OperandsThe Opcodes and Operands are generally stored in separate parts of memory.
They are fed to the CPU alternately – opcode, operand. - 10OpcodeEach different CPU has a different set of opcodes
- 11^each opcode is followed by an operand, instructions are sent to the CPU
- 12Addressing modeOne bit in an opcode indicates the Addressing Mode:
Immediate Addressing: The operand is the data to be used.
Direct Addressing: The operand is the address of a memory location that contains the data to be used - 13Example00000010 00001001 would be the instruction “Load 9 into the accumulator”
00000011 00001001 would be the instruction “Load the value in memory location 9 into the accumulator” - 14AssemblyProgramming in machine code is very difficult and time consuming
As computers progressed, Assembly language was developed
Assembly simply uses easy to read words for the opcodes, and relies on an assembler to translate each one to its bit pattern to feed to a CPU - 15AssemblyWhile functionally the same as machine code, it is considerably easier for humans to read and program in.
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- FlashCards sobre Machine code, criado por Ed Allen em 06-01-2020.
- Criado por
- Ed Allen · jan 2020
- Atualizado
- 6 jan 2020
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