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Flashcards

CompTIA Network+ Ch_2

Amber Saxon CompTIA Network+ Inglês 197 flashcards

CompTIA Network+ Ch_2

Flashcards do conjunto (197)

  1. 1OSIOpen Systems Interconnect
  2. 2ISOInternational Organization for Standardization
  3. 3Which layer of the OSI model converts data from the application layer into a format that can be sent over the internet?Layer 6 - The Presentation Layer
    The presentation layer converts data from the application layer into a format that can be sent over the network. It also converts data from the session layer into a format the application layer can understand.
  4. 4True or false: Transport protocols, such as UDP, map to the transport layer of the OSI model and are responsible for transporting data across the network.True.
    Transport protocols map to the transport layer of the OSI model and are responsible for transporting data across the network. UDP is a transport protocol.
  5. 5At what layer of the OSI model do FTP and TFTP map?FTP and TFTP map to the application layer of the OSI model.
  6. 6OSI Layers7 - Application
    6 - Presentation
    5 - Session
    4 - Transport
    3 - Network
    2 - Data Link
    1 - Physical
  7. 7Physical Layer (1)- Hardware
    - Topology
    - defines voltage used
    - the frequency the signals carry data.
    - These characteristics dictate the speed and bandwidth of a given medium, as well as the maximum distance over which a certain media type can be used.
  8. 8Data Link Layer (2)- gets data to Physical Layer for transmission over the network
    - responsible for error detection, error correction and hardware addressing
    - The term frame describes the logical grouping of data at the data link layer.
    - MAC and LLC
  9. 9FrameThe term frame describes the logical grouping of data at the data link layer.
  10. 10Data Link Layer (2) - MAC- MAC address defined (burned onto NIC by OEM)
    - MAC sublayer controls access to Network Media
  11. 11Data Link Layer (2) - LLCLogical Link Control Layer
    - Error and Flow-Control
    of the
    Data Link Layer
  12. 12Data Link Layer (2) Protocols and Technolgies-High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC)
    -Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)
    - Point-to-point Protocol (PPP)
    - Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
    - Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
    - Virtual LANs (VLAN)
  13. 13Data Link Layer (2) HDLCHigh-Level Data Link Control
  14. 14Data Link Layer (2) L2TPLayer 2 Tunneling Protocol
  15. 15Data Link Layer (2) PPPPoint-to-Point Protocol
  16. 16Data Link Layer (2) PPTPPoint-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
  17. 17Data Link Layer (2) STPSpanning Tree Protocol
  18. 18Data Link Layer (2) VLANVirtual Local Area Network
  19. 19Network Layer (3)Routing Protocols - rules for data passed from one network to another
  20. 20Network Layer (3) Route SelectionChoosing the best path from one device to the next
  21. 21Network Layer (3) Network Layer ProtocolsUse software configured addresses and routing protocols to communicate over the network.
  22. 22Network Layer (3) PacketThe Term,
    "Packet"
    describes the logical grouping of data at the network layer.
  23. 23Network Layer (3) Routes can be configured in 2 ways..Statically
    Dynamically
  24. 24Network Layer (3) Static Routingroutes are manually added to the routing tables.
  25. 25Network Layer (3) Dynamic Routingprotocols communicate routing information between networked devices on the network
  26. 26Network Layer (3) ProtocolsRouting Information Protocol (RIP)
    Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
    Internet Protocol (IP)
    Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
    Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS)
    IP Security (IPsec)
    Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS).
  27. 27Network Layer (3) RIPRouting Information Protocol (RIP)
  28. 28Network Layer (3) (OSPF)Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
  29. 29(3) IPInternet Protocol (IP)
  30. 30(3) ARPAddress Resolution Protocol (ARP)
  31. 313 RARPReverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
  32. 323 ATMAsynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
  33. 333 IS-ISIntermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS)
  34. 343 IPSecIP Security (IPsec)
  35. 353 ICMPInternet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
  36. 36(3) MPLSMultiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS).
  37. 37Transport Layer 4provide mechanisms to transport data between network devices
    - Error Checking
    - Service Addressing
    - Segmentation
  38. 384 Error CheckingProtocols at the transport layer ensure that data is correctly sent or received.
  39. 394 Service AddressingThe transport layer ensures that data is passed to the right service at the upper layers of the OSI model.
  40. 40Transport Layer (4) SegmentationTo traverse the network, blocks of data need to be broken into packets of a manageable size for the lower layers to handle. This process, called segmentation, is the responsibility of the transport layer.
  41. 41Transport Layer 4 ProtocolsUDP
    TCP
  42. 42Transport Layer 4 UDPUser Datagram Protocol
  43. 43Transport Layer 4 TCPTransmission Control Protocol
  44. 44Transport Layer 4 Data Flow Control- Buffering
    - Windowing
  45. 45Transport Layer 4 Data Flow Control Bufferingdata is temporarily stored and waits for the destination device to become available.
    Buffering can cause a problem if the sending device transmits data much faster than the receiving device can manage.
  46. 46Transport Layer 4 Data Flow Control WindowingWindowing
    Data is sent in groups of segments that require only one ACK.
    The size of the window (that is, how many segments fit into one acknowledgment) is defined when the session between the two devices is established.
    The need to have only one ACK for every five segments, can greatly reduce overhead.
  47. 47Session Layer (5)The session layer manages and controls the synchronization of data between applications on two devices.
    It does this by establishing, maintaining, and breaking sessions.
    Whereas the transport layer is responsible for setting up and maintaining the connection between the two nodes, the session layer performs the same function on behalf of the application.
  48. 48Session Layer (5) ProtocolsNetBIOS, Network File System (NFS), and Server Message Block (SMB).
  49. 49Session Layer (5) Protocols NetBIOSNet Basic Input Output System
  50. 50Session Layer (5) Protocols NFSNetwork File System (NFS)
  51. 51Session Layer (5) Protocols SMBServer Message Block (SMB)
  52. 52Presentation Layer (6)Data-Format Translator
    Convert the data intended for or received from the application layer into another format.
  53. 53Presentation Layer (6) File Types*Graphics - Jpg, tiff, gif
    *Text and Data - can translate ASCII and EBCDIC.
    * Sound/Video - mpeg, mp3, midi
    ENCRYPTION happens in this layer
  54. 54ASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Information Interchange
  55. 55EBCDICExtended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
  56. 56Presentation Layer (6) ProtocolsTLS
    Transport Layer Security
  57. 57Application Layer (7)take requests and data from the users and pass them to the lower layers of the OSI model.
    Incoming information is passed to the application layer, which then displays the information to the users.
    eg: file and print capabilities.
    common misconception is that it represents applications used on a system, such as a web browser, word processor,
    defines the processes that enable applications to use network services
  58. 58Application Layer (7) ProtocolsSecure Shell (SSH), Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), Domain Name System (DNS), Network Time Protocol (NTP), Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), Simple Mail Transfer
    Protocol (SMTP), Server Message Block (SMB), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS), Internet
    Message Access Protocol (IMAP), and Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3
  59. 59Application Layer (7) Protocols SSHSecure Shell
  60. 60Application Layer (7) Protocols BGPBorder Gateway Protocol
  61. 61Application Layer (7) Protocols DHCPDynamic Host Configuration Protocol
  62. 62Application Layer (7) Protocols DNSDomain Name System
  63. 63Application Layer (7) Protocols NTPNetwork Time Protocol
  64. 64Application Layer (7) Protocols RTPReal-Time Transport Protocol
  65. 65Application Layer (7) Protocols SIPSession Initiation Protocol
  66. 66Application Layer (7) Protocols SMTPSimple Mail Transfer Protocol
  67. 67Application Layer (7) Protocols SMBServer Message Block
  68. 68Application Layer (7) Protocols FTPFile Transfer Protocol
  69. 69Application Layer (7) Protocols HTTPHyper-Text Transfer Protocol
  70. 70Application Layer (7) Protocols HTTPSHypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
  71. 71Application Layer (7) Protocols IMAPInternet Message Access Protocol
  72. 72Application Layer (7) Protocols POP3Post Office Protocol 3
  73. 73TCP/IP MODEL4. Application (Session, Presentation, Application)
    3. Transport (Transport)
    2. Internet (Network)
    1. Network or Link Layer(Physical, Data Link)
  74. 74OSI Model Which Layer does a HUB reside?1. Physical (1)
  75. 75OSI Model Which Layer does a WIRELESS BRIDGE reside?2. Data Link Layer
  76. 76OSI Model Which Layer does a SWITCH reside?Data Link 2
    or
    Network 3
  77. 77OSI Model Which Layer does a ROUTER reside?Network 3
  78. 78OSI Model Which Layer does a NIC reside?Data Link 2
  79. 79OSI Model Which Layer does a ACCESS POINT reside?Data Link 2
  80. 80At which OSI layer does an AP operate? ❍ A. Network ❍ B. Physical ❍ C. Data link ❍ D. Session❍ C. Data link
  81. 81Which of the following are sublayers of the data link layer? (Choose two.) ❍ A. MAC ❍ B. LCL ❍ C. Session ❍ D. LLC❍ A. MAC
    ❍ D. LLC
  82. 82At which two OSI layers can a switch operate? (Choose two.) ❍ A. Layer 1 ❍ B. Layer 2 ❍ C. Layer 3 ❍ D. Layer 4❍ B. Layer 2
    ❍ C. Layer 3
    A switch uses the MAC addresses of connected devices to make its forwarding decisions. Therefore, it is called a data link, or Layer 2, network device. It can also operate at Layer 3 or be a multilayer switch. Devices or components that operate at Layer 1 typically are media based, such as cables or connectors. Layer 4 components typically are software based, not hardware based.
  83. 83Which of the following OSI layers is responsible for establishing connections between two devices? ❍ A. Network ❍ B. Transport ❍ C. Session ❍ D. Data link❍ B. Transport
    The transport layer is responsible for establishing a connection between networked devices. The network layer is most commonly associated with route discovery and datagram delivery. Protocols at the session layer synchronize the data exchange between applications on separate devices. Protocols at the data link layer perform error detection and handling for the transmitted signals and define the method by which the medium is accessed.
  84. 84With TCP, a data session is established through a three-step process. This is know as a three-way_______.Three-way Handshake
  85. 85What FTP command uploads multiple files to the remote host?mput
  86. 86The SSH protocol is a more secure alternative to what protocol?Telnet
  87. 87What ports do the HTTPS, RDP and DHCP protocols use?HTTPS - 443
    RDP - 3389
    DHCP - 67 and 68
  88. 88Connection-oriented Communication ProtocolsGuarantees data delivery.
    Higher Overhead
    Requires more bandwidth.
    eg: TCP
  89. 89Connectionless ProtocolsBest-effort Delivery
    Information is just sent.
    Not delivery confirmation.
    Not Guaranteed.
    Eg: UDP
    Eg: Streaming audio and video
  90. 90Internet Protocol (IP) RFC 791Network Layer 3
    Transports Data from one node to another.
    Connectionless.
    Fragmentation and Reassembly for Network Transmission.
    MTU is limited.
    IP Addressing.
  91. 91RFCRequest For Comments
  92. 92IETFInternet Engineering Task Force
  93. 93MTUMaximum Transmission Unit
  94. 94FragmentationIf network transmissions exceed the MTU, then a packet must be broken into smaller chunks and reassembled at the other end.
  95. 95TCP RFC793Transmission Control Protocol
    Transport Layer 4
    Connection Oriented
    Provides reliability to IP communication
    * Flow Control
    *Sequencing
    *Error Detection and correction
    TCP packet header has 14 fields
  96. 96TCP Three-Way Handshake1. SYN
    2. SYN ACK
    3. ACK
  97. 97UDPUser-Datagram Protocol
    Transport Layer 4
    Not Guaranteed
    Best-Effort
    Streaming.
    UDP packet header has 4 fields
    More efficient and economical than TCP
  98. 98FTP RFC959File Transfer Protocol
    Uses TCP
    Application Layer 7
    The uploading and downloading of files from a remote host running FTP server software.
    ASCII
    FileZilla, CuteFTP, SmartFTP.
  99. 99FTP Layer?File Transfer Protocol
    TCP
    Application Layer 7
  100. 100FTP Port?File Transfer Protocol
    (7)
    TCP
    20/21
  101. 101FTP CommandsFTP Commands
  102. 102SFTPSecure File Transfer Protocol
    uses Secure Shell (SSH)
    Secure Transmission
    Encryption
  103. 103SFTP Port?SFTP - 22
    same as SSH
    SSH - 22
  104. 104SFTP Layer?Secure File Transfer protocol
    Application Layer 7
    UDP
    Port 22
  105. 105TFTPTrivial File Transfer Protocol
    Less Secure than FTP.
    Simple downloads (transferring firmware to a device).
    UDP
    Port 69.
    Application Layer 7
  106. 106TFTP Layer?Trivial File Transfer Protocol
    UDP
    Application Layer 7
    Port 69
  107. 107TFTP Port?Trivial File Transfer Protocol
    UDP
    Application Layer 7
    Port 69
  108. 108SMTP RFC821Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
    TCP
    Port 25.
    Send and Receive Mail.
    Defines how mail messages are sent between host
  109. 109SMTP Port?Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
    TCP
    SMTP - 25.
  110. 110HTTPHyper-text Transfer Protocol
    TCP
    Uses URL to determine what page should be downloaded from the remote server.
    Requests sent in clear text.
  111. 111HTTP Port?HTTP - 80
    TCP
  112. 112HTTPSHyper-Text Transfer Protocol Secure
    TCP
    Uses Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) to encrypt data.
    HTTPS - 443
  113. 113HTTPS Port?HTTPS - 443
  114. 114POP3/IMAP4Post Office Protocol 3
    Internet Message Access Protocol 4
    Downloads emails from Server
  115. 115POP3 Port?Post Office Protocol 3
    POP3 - 110
  116. 116IMAP Port?Internet Message Access Protocol
    IMAP - 143
  117. 117TelnetVirtual Terminal Protocol.
    Sessions can be opened by a remote host.
    Telnet is not secure.
    SSH is considered Telnet's replacement
  118. 118Telnet Port?Telnet - 23
  119. 119SSHSecure Shell
    SSH - 22
    Secure alternative to Telnet
    SSH1 and SSH2
    SSH2 ore secure
    Encrypts data
  120. 120ICMPInternet Control Message Protocol
    Works with IP.
    Error and network checking
    Functionality reporting.
    ping. Echo Request. Echo Reply.
    *Destination Unreachable
    *Time Exceeded
    *TTL (Time to Live)
    *Source Quench to slow the sending of packets
  121. 121TTLTime To Live
  122. 122NTPNetwork Time Protocol
    Communication of time between systems.
    Time synchronization.
    UDP
    Port - 123
    Sources of time info: radio clocks, Internet-based time servers, GPs.
  123. 123NTP Port?Network Time Protocol
    UDP
    NTP - 123
  124. 124LDAPLightweight Directory Access Protocol
    Access and query Directory Services.
    LDAP - 389
  125. 125LDAPSLightweight Directory Access Protocol over SSL
    LDAPS - 636
  126. 126H.323H.323
    ITU-T standard
    call, multimedia, bandwidth control
    voice and videoconferencing.
    Port 1720
  127. 127SNMPSimple Network Management Protocol
    SNMP - 161
    Enables network devices to communicate information about their state to a central system.
    It also enables the central system to pass configuration parameters to the devices.
    Runs software Network Management System
  128. 128SNMP Port?Simple Network Management Protocol
    SNMP - 161
  129. 129NMSNetwork Management System
    Software run by SNMP
  130. 130SNMP and NMSCan monitor all devices on a network.
    Switches, Hubs, routers, servers, printers etc
    from a remote location.
  131. 131MIBManagement Information Bases
    SNMP
    SNMP uses databases of information called MIBs to define what parameters are accessible, which of the parameters are read-only, and which can be set. MIBs are available for thousands of devices and services, covering every imaginable need.
  132. 132SNMP commandsGet, Set, Trap, Walk
  133. 133SNMP PortSNMP - 161
  134. 134SNMPv3Unlike SNMPv1 and SNMPv2
    SNMPv3 supports
    Authentication and Encryption
  135. 135SIPSession Initiation Protocol
    to enable
    VoIP (Voice Over IP)
    Internet Telephony Calls
    Audio/Video Conferencing
    Online Gaming
    TCP or UDP
    Ports - 5060 and 5061
  136. 136SIP Ports and Application Layer?Session Initiation Protocol
    TCP or UDP
    Application Layer 7
    SIP - 5060 and 5061
  137. 137SIP Securitydenial-of-service prevention, authentication (both user-to-user and proxy-to-user), integrity protection, and encryption and privacy services.
  138. 138RDPRemote Desktop Protocol
    Port - 3389
    thin client computing
    A low bandwidth protocol used to send mouse movements, keystrokes and
    bitmap images of the screen.
    Does not send data.. only screenshots and keystrokes.
  139. 139SMBServer Message Block
    Provide network access to files, printers, ports etc (Windows)
    Port - 445
    SMB Support - Samba
  140. 140Number of TCP/IP Ports65,535
  141. 141ARPAddress Resolution Protocol
    Resolves IP Addresses to MAC addresses.
    The ARP cache is a table on the local system that stores mappings between data link layer addresses (the MAC address or physical address) and network layer addresses (IP addresses.
    Because the communication is a broadcast, every system on the network picks it up. However, only the target system replies because it is the only device whose IP address matches the request.
    Entries can be made into the ARP cache. Dynamically or Statically.
  142. 142RARPReverse Address Resolution Protocol
    Resolves MAC address to IP addresses.
    Useful for Reverse Lookups.
  143. 143TCP is an example of what kind of transport protocol? ❍ A. Connection oriented ❍ B. Connection reliant ❍ C. Connection dependent ❍ D. Connectionless❍ A. Connection oriented
  144. 144Which of the following are considered transport protocols? (Choose the two best answers.) ❍ A. TCP ❍ B. IP ❍ C. UDP ❍ D. THC❍ A. TCP
    ❍ C. UDP
  145. 145What is the function of ARP? ❍ A. It resolves MAC addresses to IP addresses. ❍ B. It resolves NetBIOS names to IP addresses. ❍ C. It resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses. ❍ D. It resolves hostnames to IP addresses.❍ C. It resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses.
  146. 146What is the function of NTP? ❍ A. It provides a mechanism for the sharing of authentication information. ❍ B. It is used to access shared folders on a Linux system. ❍ C. It is used to communicate utilization information to a central manager. ❍ D. It is used to communicate time synchronization information between systems.❍ D. It is used to communicate time synchronization information between systems.
  147. 147Which of the following protocols offers guaranteed delivery? ❍ A. FTP ❍ B. POP ❍ C. IP ❍ D. TCP❍ D. TCP
  148. 148Which of the following ports are associated with H.323? ❍ A. 443 ❍ B. 1720 ❍ C. 636 ❍ D. 3389❍ B. 1720
  149. 149By default, which protocol uses port 68? ❍ A. DHCP ❍ B. DNS ❍ C. SMB ❍ D. SMTP❍ A. DHCP
  150. 150What are SNMP databases called? ❍ A. HOSTS ❍ B. MIBs ❍ C. WINS ❍ D. Agents❍ B. MIBs
  151. 151What are logical groupings of SNMP systems known as? ❍ A. Communities ❍ B. Pairs ❍ C. Mirrors ❍ D. Nodes❍ A. Communities
  152. 152What are two features supported in SNMPv3 and not previous versions? ❍ A. Authentication ❍ B. Dynamic mapping ❍ C. Platform independence ❍ D. Encryption❍ A. Authentication
    ❍ D. Encryption
  153. 153What is the name used for ranges of IP addresses available within DHCP?Scopes
  154. 154What is the name of the packet on a system configured to use DHCP broadcasts when it comes onto the network?DHCPDISCOVER
  155. 155What is dynamic DNS?Dynamic DNS is a newer system that enables hosts to be dynamically registered with the DNS server.
  156. 156Within DNS, what is the domain name, along with any subdomains, called?Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
  157. 157FQDNFully Qualified Domain Name
  158. 158Network Services include...DNS
    DHCP
    NTP
    IPAM
  159. 159DNSDomain Name Service
    Resolves hostnames, such as www.quepublishing.com, to IP addresses
    Port - 53
    Systems that ask DNS servers for a hostname-to-IP address mapping are called resolvers or DNS clients.
  160. 160DDNSDynamic Domain Name System
  161. 161The DNS NamespaceThe Domain Name, along with any subdomains, is called the
    Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
    An example of an FQDN is www.comptia.org, where www is the host, comptia is the second-level domain, and .org is the top-level domain.
  162. 162Reverse Lookupcan also have DNS perform IP address-to-hostname resolution. This process is called reverse lookup, which is accomplished by using pointer (PTR) records.
  163. 163PTRcan also have DNS perform IP address-to-hostname resolution. This process is called reverse lookup, which is accomplished by using pointer (PTR) records.
  164. 164Types of DNS entriesMX - mail exchanger system
    CNAME - canonical record name
  165. 165MXMail Exchanger System
  166. 166CNAMECanonical Record Name
  167. 167DNS Records SOAStart of Authority (SOA):
    A record of information containing data on DNS zones and other DNS records.
    A DNS zone is the part of a domain for which an individual DNS server is responsible. Each zone contains a single SOA record.
  168. 168DNS RECORDS NSName Server (NS):
    Stores information that identifies the name servers in the domain that store information for that domain
  169. 169DNS Records SRVService Locator (SRV):
    This is a generalized service location record, used for newer protocols instead of creating protocol-specific records such as MX
  170. 170DNS RECORDS CNAMECanonical Name (CNAME): Stores additional hostnames, or aliases, for hosts in the domain. A CNAME specifies an alias or nickname for a canonical hostname record in a Domain Name Service (DNS) database. CNAME records give a single computer multiple names (aliases).
  171. 171DNS RECORDS PTRPointer (PTR):
    A pointer to the canonical name, which is used to perform a reverse DNS lookup, in which case the name is returned when the query originates with an IP address.
  172. 172SPFSender Policy Framework
  173. 173DKIMDomain Keys Identified Mail
  174. 174DNS RECORDS AAAAIPv6 Address (AAAA):
    Stores information for IPv6 (128-bit) addresses. It is most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address for a host.
  175. 175DNS RECORDS AIPv4 Address (A):
    Stores information for IPv4 (32-bit) addresses. It is most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address for a host.
  176. 176DNS RECORDS TXTText (TXT):
    This field was originally created to carry human-readable text in a DNS record, but that purpose has long since passed. Today, it is more common that it holds machine-readable data, such as SPF (Sender Policy Framework), and DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail).
  177. 177DNS RECORDS MXMail Exchange (MX): Stores information about where mail for the domain should be delivered.
  178. 178External DNSUsing the DNS of your ISP
  179. 179WINSWindows Internet Name Service
    Resolves NetBIOS names to IP.
  180. 180ScopesRange of IP addresses
  181. 181Address PoolsPredefined groups of IP addresses
  182. 182DHCPAssigns IPs and subnet masks for a predetermined amount of time, known as the lease or lease time
  183. 183Lease Lease TimeDHCP Assigns IPs for a predetermined amount of time, known as the lease or lease time
  184. 184ReservationsAssigning a static address via DHCP, a
    MAC reservation
  185. 185DHCP advantagesConfiguration, assignment and management is automated.
    Human error reduced.
  186. 186DHCP PortsDynamic Host Configuration Protocol
    DHCP - 67 and 68
  187. 187The DHCP ProcessWhen a system configured to use DHCP comes onto the network,
    it broadcasts a special packet that looks for a DHCP server.
    This packet is known as the DHCPDISCOVER packet.
    The DHCP server, which is always on the lookout for DHCPDISCOVER broadcasts, picks up the packet and compares the request with the scopes it has defined.
    If it finds that it has a scope for the network from which the packet originated, it chooses an address from the scope, reserves it, and sends the address, along with any other information, such as the lease duration, to the client.
    This is known as the DHCPOFFER packet. Because the client still does not have an IP address, this communication is also achieved via broadcast.
    When the client receives the offer, it looks at the offer to determine if it is suitable. If more than one offer is received, which can happen if more than one DHCP server is configured, the offers are compared to see which is best. Best in this context can involve a variety of criteria but normally is the length of the lease. When the selection process completes, the client notifies
  188. 188The DHCP Process 2DHCP server is configured, the offers are compared to see which is best. Best in this context can involve a variety of criteria but normally is the length of the lease. When the selection process completes, the client notifies the server that the offer has been accepted, through a packet called a DHCPREQUEST packet. At this point the server finalizes the offer and sends the client an acknowledgment. This last message, which is sent as a broadcast, is known as a DHCPACK packet. After the client system receives the DHCPACK, it initializes the TCP/IP suite and can communicate on the network.
  189. 189DHCP and DNS suffixesDHCP can provide DNS suffixes to clients.
  190. 190DHCP RelaysOn a large network, the DHCP server can easily get bogged down trying to respond to all the requests. To make the job easier, DHCP relays help make the job easier. A DHCP relay is nothing more than an agent on the router that acts as a go-between for clients and the server.
  191. 191IP HelpersOne level above DHCP relay is IP helper. These two terms are often used as synonyms, but they are not; a better way to think of it is with IP helper being a superset DHCP relay. IP helper will, by default, forward broadcasts for DHCP/ BOOTP, TFTP, DNS, TACACS, the time service, and the NetBIOS name/ datagram service (ports 137–139). You can disable the additional traffic (or add more), but by default IP helper will do more than a DHCP relay.
  192. 192IPAMIP Address Management
    Plan, tracks and manages IP addresses.
    Integrates DNS and DHCP.
  193. 193One of the programmers has asked that DHCP always issue his workstation the same IP address. What feature of DHCP enables you to accomplish this? ❍ A. Stipulation ❍ B. Rider ❍ C. Reservation ❍ D. Provision❍ C. Reservation
  194. 194Which of the following is not a common packet sent during the normal DHCP process? ❍ A. DHCPACK ❍ B. DHCPPROVE ❍ C. DHCPDISCOVER ❍ D. DHCPOFFER❍ B. DHCPPROVE
  195. 195During a discussion with your ISP’s technical support representative, he mentions that you might have been using the wrong FQDN. Which TCP/IP-based network service is he referring to? ❍ A. DHCP ❍ B. WINS ❍ C. SNMP ❍ D. DNS❍ D. DNS
  196. 196Which DNS record stores additional hostnames, or aliases, for hosts in the domain? ❍ A. ALSO ❍ B. ALIAS ❍ C. CNAME ❍ D. PTR❍ C. CNAME
  197. 197Which DNS record is most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address for a host with IPv6? ❍ A. A ❍ B. AAAA ❍ C. MX ❍ D. PTR❍ B. AAAA

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CompTIA Network+ FlashCards sobre CompTIA Network+ Ch_2, criado por Amber Saxon em 26-05-2020.
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