Flashcards
Module 24
Flashcards do conjunto (18)
- 1EXPLAIN IaaS?INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE(IaaS):
- this is a component of cloud services
- so need some kind of cloud provider(from which you get the hosted components that you need)
- provided low-level resources(virtual machines, virtual networks, virtual appliances(load balancers, firewalls)) of infrastructure to clients
- May have private clouds(same configuration as a public cloud, anyone can subscribe to the services but this is something that's all maintained within your own organization
SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES SUCH AS:
- detailed billing(where you can break everything down & see how much you're spending on various types of components)
- Monitoring(have the ability to monitor
resources to see if you're using enough or if you don't have enough
- Log access(see what is going on)
- Security
- Load balancing & High availability(to ensure you are utilizing the resources as effectively as possible & that they are always available)
STORAGE RESILIENCY:
- high resiliency as using resources of the provider(which includes services such as automatic backups, live replications of the data & recovery) - 2EXPLAIN POLICY-DRIVEN IaaS?POLICY-DRIVEN IaaS:
- this is where you implement certain levels of automation
- simply comes down to automating processes that are normally manually done
- typically require some kind of software tool to implement this and maybe some kind of automation framework. helps to limit the manual intervention that's required when you are configuring resources, many broad levels of automation(everything needed to provide a service is handled automatically)
ORCHESTRATION:
-scaled-up version involves a series of workloads that are connected together, automated tasks are connected(sequence of tasks that are strung together) in a goal-orientated type of configuration
- need permissions & policies(with respect to who is able to do what and ensures only appropriate tasks are executed when a certain service is requested)
Iaas PROS:
- no need to procure physical infrastructure, manage or support infrastructure, in turn providing flexibility & scalability
CONS:
- lack of transparency(not sure what is happening behind the scenes, possible billing granularity issue, multi-tenant architecture issues - 3EXPLAIN SaaS?SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE(SaaS)?
- opposite end of the scale compared to IaaS(where you concern yourself with the lower-level resources, e.g. you can get a virtual machine, then maybe use it to install an application, and then that application is used by your users. But with that type of configuration, you manage the virtual machine as well(you have to control its configuration, ensure the operating system is installed & maintained, basically doing everything you would do at the server level))
- with SaaS, the provider hosts an application that is on a virtual machine somewhere, but that virtual machine is never exposed to you, just want access to the application
- this creates a software on-demand model where clients access the applications over the internet(no local installations on the client computers)
- end-users(clients) receive the same type of features & updates that would be available locally but is hosted by the provider
- normally see a service level agreement in place as well(showing the type of performance/availability they can expect)
- No local licenses required - 4EXPLAIN COMMON APPLICATIONS THROUGH SaaS PROVIDERS & PROS/CONS?COMMON APPLICATIONS THROUGH SaaS PROVIDERS:
- client relationship management, financial management, HR management, collaboration management, email management.
- thousands of other applications that are available through SaaS providers
PROS:
- flexible & scalable model, pay as you go model(control the cost), less in house management(don't need to locally install software or need local licenses), new features and updates happen automatically, high accessibility(just need access to the internet)
CONS:
- dependence on 3rd party(disruption to service means no one can access application), data security(as it's stored in the cloud), potential billing issues(difficult to know if you are paying for what you used), changes to services(may affect your services)
if looking at a large implementation of an application that requires a lot of local management, you can really just offload all of that to the cloud provider when you implement it as SaaS - 5EXPLAIN PaaS?PLATFORM AS A SERVICE(PaaS):
- involves both software and hardware services(combines IaaS & SaaS)
- platform is provided by the cloud provider(application developers build virtual machines/networks in the cloud so IaaS)
- SaaS as developers defines software they need and configurations in a configuration file which are created automatically and set up then by the cloud provider. Once created it is then up to the provider to maintain them
- client still access service over the Internet( but it's not software that's already built & ready to go)
- ideal for application development(can focus on development while provider maintains platform)
KEY FEATURES:
- services complement existing resources as it allows you to build a development platform in the cloud so the focus remains on development
- common for multi-tier applications (eg front end interface is web based & database servers in the back end that host the data, but the idea is all of that can be configured and determined by the developer but uploaded by the provider) - 6EXPLAIN PaaS COMMON OFFERINGS & PROS/CONS?COMMON PaaS OFFERINGS MAYBE:
- processing infrastructure
- storage infrastructure
- version control(if built by a team over a long time as can keep track of all the revisions/changes)
- compiling and testing
PaaS PROS:
- low infrastructure management overhead
- services are accessible through a browser
- per-user model(so only pay what you use)
PaaS CONS:
- still relying on service availability
- relying on service resiliency of the provider(failers will impact a wide range of customers usually)
- service lock-in(may want to change something but they don't offer it)
- ongoing support issues(where the provider may change support for a programming language or something) - 7EXPLAIN CLOUD MODEL TYPES?PUBLIC CLOUD:
- anyone can subscribe to cloud services
- publicly shared resources at the provider
- multiple customers
- accessible over the Internet
- better suited for less confidential data(data is not under your physical control)
PRIVATE CLOUD:
- privately shared resources(tends to be within one organization)
- resources accessible to specific users or customers
- may still be connectivity over the Internet or private network
- better suited for sensitive data(data is under your control)
HYBRID CLOUD:
- combination of public and private cloud(companies may grow and want to access more resources, so they will use public cloud services to augment what they do have)
- suitable for operations on sensitive and non-sensitive data(can keep information in the private or public cloud)
COMMUNITY CLOUD:
- turns to be configured within business communities/infrastructure sharing
- private cloud space shared with other businesses'
- ideal for joint projects - 8EXPLAIN SHARED RESOURCES?Any kind of resource in a cloud environment is shareable
INTERNAL CLOUD RESOURCE SHAREING:
- refers to the fact that resources defined in the cloud can access and be used by each other
- resources are consumed only by other internal resources or users that are part of the same cloud subscription(no public access)
- E.G. Data in a cloud storage account that is only used by cloud-based virtual machines(you create) or a cloud-based database(you create) that drives a cloud-based application
EXTERNAL CLOUD RESOURCE SHARING:
- resources defined in the cloud that can be accessed and used by outside applications or services
- the resources are consumed by either internal or external resources regardless of cloud subscription(can be both public and private access)
- e.g. Media content that is delivered to your customers or business intelligence data that are consumed by multiple analysis applications - 9EXPLAIN RAPID ELASTICITY?RAPID ELASTICITY:
- is a feature you want to see available through a cloud service provider
- refers to how easily you can scale the service provisioning & how quickly
- when it comes to a cloud-based solution, rapid elasticity refers to the fact that resources are automatically requested in the cloud
- can configure this based on a threshold(once I reach this performance threshold, then request more of this resource to help the application satisfy the demands)
- is a seamless process for the client, from the client perspective resources are limitless
- more resources you use the more you pay, but don't have to worry about manually configuring the application every time it grows
RAPID ELASTICITY CONSIDERATIONS:
- request for any type of application or service can come from multiple sources
- be mindful of the constant allocation & allocation of resources
- can be a certain amount of management overhead(should resources keep changing & you want to adjust the threshold are make resources more permanently available)
- may monitor resource requests
- want auditing tail to manage bill - 10EXPLAIN ON-DEMAND COMPUTING?NEED FOR ON-DEMAND COMPUTING:
- this refers a little bit more to manual processes
- have to guess what needs you may need, hence unpredictable needs may arise that can then fluctuate. On-demand computing isn't as concerned with responding immediately and automatically
KEY FEATURES:
- scalability
- self-service process(on the administrative & user side)
- pay per use
KEY BENEFITS:
- can meet peak resource/minimum resource requirements
- easy resource scaling up or down
- improve business agility(gives you the flexibility to respond to any kind of increase/decrease of performance) - 11EXPLAIN RESOURCE POOLING?RESOURCE POOLING:
- is another cloud computing concept that is still concerned with provisioning scalable resources
- Idea with pooling is that multiple individual resources are drawn from a pool of all resources available to the service or application
- services can be customized(number of users, demand per user)
- seemingly unlimited amount of resources available with most cloud providers(but can still set limits)
KEY BENEFITS:
- gives you rapid elasticity which allows for very time dynamic provisioning of resources(due to thresholds), can have automated provisioning as well - 12EXPLAIN MEASURED & METERED SERVICE?MEASURED SERVICE:
- is when you are concerned if you have the correct amount of something(you have a user accessing a cloud-based application or service, so may want to know you have adequate configurations(enough servers, resources, network bandwidth etc)
KEY CONSIDERATIONS:
- allows control of the use of resources
- have metering capabilities(can implement measurement tools to determine if the meter is correct/appropriate
- measurement tools can help you to give usage details for provider &/or customer
- helps with service change tracking(increase in users during the day & decrease at night, so can track those type of changes in the overall resource utilization)
METERED SERVICE:
- is concerned with if you are paying the correct amount or making adjustments based on measurements so you can lower the bill
- this helps to allow for automated management(if you know measures, they can introduce automated procedures to scale up/down), which gives automated reports based on that information which should correlate to the overall price you are paying, ultimately helping maximize resources - 13EXPLAIN IDEA BEING MEASURED & METERED SERVICE?BENEFITS OF PREDICTABILITY:
- idea behind it is really predictability
- understand resource requirements(so you can meet corporate goals and objectives)
- understand historical use
- use of measuring tools helps to understand what is the resource demand what are the resources used for
- enables resource use optimization
CAPTURING INSIGHTS:
- is essentially generating reports
- reports on server resources, storage resources, licensing & application metering(how often/long are those applications being used)
- information from reports can be used to generate chargeback and showback reports(more common in a private cloud configuration. chargeback is breaking things down(by division or department) in comparison to how much they use in resources compared to someone else. showback is simply the data). allows you to define allocation models for bills
ENABLING INFORMED DECISIONS:
- capture the bigger picture(can see service change, spikes in resource usage, overall trends in resource usage & spending alerts
- so can correlate use to business needs & adjust resource utilization accordingly - 14EXPLAIN OFF-SITE E-MAIL APPLICATIONS COST SAVINGS & BENEFITS?COST SAVINGS WITH CLOUD-BASED EMAIL:
- subscription service model(don't need to implement it on-premises if you don't have to)
- results in significant savings
- eliminates large capital costs associated with messaging systems
- reduces maintenance & administration
CLOUD-BASED EMAIL SCALABILITY:
- scalable, tend to be based on users. user licenses(as long as they have a browser, they can access their email, it's just the number of users that have the service that typically determines the cost)
- storage & compute capacity are unlimited from the perspective of anyone customer
INCREASED RELIABILITY OF CLOUD-BASED:
- optimal email usage
- multiple redundancies
- improved uptime
- rapid disaster recovery
- improved security(highly secured off-site facilities that providers look after(help prevent disasters such as power failure, fire & network crash))
REMOTE EMAIL ACCESS:
- workers can access email anytime from anywhere(as over the internet)
- increases workforce mobility
- connects a geographically distributed workforce
- enables workforce to remain connected to customers & clients - 15EXPLAIN CLOUD FILE STORAGE SERVICES?CLOUD FILE STORAGE SERVICES:
- can file storage in the cloud, use as a file system, and file share with other virtual machines in the subscription
CLOUD FILE STORAGE SERVICES USE CASES:
- content management(store whatever you want)
- big data analytics
- web applications
- database backups
- shared directories(accessed like a shared folder on a network)
- container storage(usually accessed using HTTP)
KEY REQUIREMENTS FOR FILE STORAGE SERVICES:
- consider performance, compatibility, redundancy(backup/copies), usage-based billing, security(data not physically in your possession)
- fully managed(infrastructure & storage itself)
BENEFITS:
- scalability(can optimize provisioning however you like, storage is unlimed for any one customer's perspective)
- interoperability(broad integration with about any type of file, application, service, operating system)
- Can reduce budgetary needs as no physical infrastructure purchased
- availability(easy to access anywhere with internet) - 16EXPLAIN CLOUD-BASED APPLICATIONS?CLOUD-BASED APPLICATIONS:
- the same as a normal application it just means where it resides
- most line of business applications these days are available to be run from the cloud
KEY FEATURES:
- offers rapid response to business environment changes(development, testing, deployment in the cloud, enables agile operations & rapid time to market)
- application program interfaces(provider has access to this so developers have a full library from what they can draw to provide the appropriate back end services, leading to faster development)
KEY BENEFITS:
- lower costs
- improved sharing ability(instant access, with infrastructure security & authorized users)
- most cloud providers will have redundancy for anything that is being done which facilitates easier disaster recovery
- eliminates infrastructure management
- enables high elasticity(can scale on demand)
- can provide gradual implementation
- can enable multiple data access methods
- may build ability to function offline - 17EXPLAIN VIRTUAL DESKTOPS?VIRTUAL DESKTOPS:
- also may be referred to as virtual operating systems
- using some kind of remote connexion into what is typically a virtual machine that is running any kind of operating system(could be different than the operating system you have locally on your own device)
- accessed through client software(establishes disconnection through to this virtual machine, running its operating system. And then you run your applications from that remote connection)
- offers user interaction(even with locally connected peripherals. e.g. print something from that remote system onto my local printer)
- used with a broad variety of devices because all you need is the client software to establish this connection - 18EXPLAIN VIRTUAL DESKTOP KEY FEATURES/INFRASTRUCTURE TYPES/BENEFITS?KEY FEATURES:
- uses virtualization software on the host system
- creation of multiple desktops(referred to as virtual desktop infrastructure(VDI))
- if the system you are remoting into resides in the cloud then may also hear this referred to as Desktop as a Service(DaaS)
- if it's a Microsoft type of structure, then client software you are using to connect to is Remote Desktop Services(RDS), this is also the service that runs on the server as well to accept the remote connections
VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE TYPES:
- 2 main infrastructure types are known as dedicated(persistent) or Stateless(non-persistent)
- dedicated, so each user establishes a remote connection through to a dedicated virtual machine
- stateless is where there is a pool of virtual machines and users can connect to any one of them
KEY BENEFITS:
- data resides on a server or cloud
- enhance security, particularly for lost or stolen devices
- ideal for application testing as only need to test it on the system it resides
- unintended consequences are contained easily
- offers compatibility for legacy systems
Informações
- Descrição
- Learning Technology Specialist CompTIA A+ (Core 1) FlashCards sobre Module 24, criado por Chantelle Knight em 17-09-2021.
- Criado por
- Chantelle Knight
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