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- 1Ecological FootprintEF is a physical, rather than an economic indicator. It measures the
amount of ecologically productive land area that is needed to support the
resource demands and absorb the wastes from a given economic activity. - 2pollution haven hypothesisFDI flows tend to go to
countries where the environmental regulations are lax and therefore
bring enterprises with environmentally dirty production processes from
more developed to less-developed nations. - 3The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)hypothesis assumes an inverse U-shaped relation between pollution and income. This is a reflection of the fact that countries tend to pollute more in the industrialization phase of their development and less as they develop and decrease the share of their “dirty” economic sectors.
- 4World Bank Atlas methodIt defines the cut-off levels of per-capita gross national product (GNI) for each group
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- Business/Economics FlashCards sobre TNC flashcards, criado por máté simon em 06-12-2023.
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- máté simon
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